4 'It should be borne in mind…' TNA AIR 16/757
4 'The fire power…' Ibid.
8 'We sat back and waited…' Cited in Overy, Bomber Command, p. 82
8 'Don't be overawed…' Cited in Currie, Augsburg Raid, p. 38
9 'One-oh-nines!…' Cited in Gerry Pye, Homage to Comrades
10 'Roger, wing men keep tight!' Ibid.
11 'My God!'…' Cited in Currie, Augsburg Raid, p. 61
14 'Can you see A-Apple…' Cited in Currie, Augsburg Raid, p. 80
15 'Christ, Skipper, he's going in…' Cited in ibid., p. 84
17 'Can I use SOS, Skipper?…' Cited in Pye, Homage to Comrades, p. 30
17 'Course is zero-seven-zero…' Cited in Currie, Augsburg Raid, p. 102
1 Signs of Progress
26 'Well, they are sowing the wind.' Harris, Bomber Offensive, p. 52
27 'It was not necessary…' Ibid., p. 88
2 A Method of Attacking the Axis Powers
44 'In those very early days…'Winterbotham, Secret and Personal, p. 148
44 'If strength rests in dispersal…' Note on a Method of Attacking the Axis Powers, Barnes Wallis Papers, Churchill College, Cambridge
46 'What would you do in England…' Barnes Wallis Papers, Mary Stopes-Roe
48 'As a result of the continued opposition…' Cited in Sweetman, Dambusters Raid, p. 42
48 'Will you back me in this…?' TNA AVIA 15/744
3 Bouncing Bomb
58 'A charge of 220 lbs…' TNA AVIA 15/744
59 'I begged him to come up with…' Winterbotham, Secret and Personal, p. 152
61 'A solution to the problem…' Collins, 'Origins of the Attack on the German Dams'
61 'At present, I am working…' TNA AVIA 15/744
4 Sink the Tirpitz
65 'always inclined to nervousness…' TNA ADM 196/92
66 'The general argument…' TNA ADM 277/46
5 Sitting on the Fence
69 'Your prime objective…' OH Vol. IV, p. 153. This Directive was approved on 21 January 1943, but not sent to Harris until 4 February
73 'We have just worked out…' TNA AIR 14/840
75 'This is tripe…' TNA AIR 14/842
6 Bomber Boys
77 'most urgent attention.' OH Vol. I, p. 179
77 'I must bring…' Harris Papers, H81
78 'We are bombing Germany…' Cited in Harris, Bomber Offensive, p. 118
79 'Mr Dimbleby can talk…' Cited in Probert, Bomber Harris, p. 190
79 'in little winking flashes…' Dimbleby broadcast, IWM 2164
81 'You will find him absolutely first class…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 100
81 'A good trip…' TNA AIR 4/37
82 'Yes, but…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 127
87 'We finally landed…'Williams Papers, 31/5/1942, QSL
87 'We were glad to see them go.' Ibid., 26/6/1942
88 'It is really a most frightening sight…' Ibid., 26/9/1942
89 'We were all just about…' Ibid., 8/2/1943
90 'I don't want you to do this…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 134
7 Panacea Mongers
91 'DB Ops was requested…' TNA AIR 14/840
92 'After the operation has taken place…' TNA AIR14/840
94 'They should start training…' Cited in Melinsky, Forming the Pathfinders, p. 67
95 'I urge therefore…' Ibid., p. 68
96 'Sir, you will never…' Ibid.
96 'It was highly significant…' TNA AIR 2/9726
97 'This last letter…' Cited in Melinsky, Forming the Pathfinders, p. 75
98 'In the opinion of the Air Staff…' Portal Papers, Folder 9, 14/6/1942, Christ Church, Oxford
98 'at the dictation of junior officers…' Despatch on Operations, para. 20
8 Portal Power
103 'It is considered that the potential…' TNA ADM 116/484
104 'This is tripe…' TNA AIR
109 'What is it you want?' Cited in Morpurgo, Barnes Wallis, p. 248
109 'H. very much misinformed…' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 22/3/1943
110 'Mutiny!' Cited in ibid., p. 250
113 'Some aircraft failed to wait…' TNA AIR 27/767
9 Greenlight
114 'Conditions very good for bombing…' TNA AIR 4/37
114 'presumably factory' TNA AIR 27/767
114 'The trip took us…'Williams Papers, 26/2/1943, QSL
114 'A good but frightening trip.' TNA AIR 4/37
115 'I consider that the potentialities…' TNA AIR 20/996
115 'For this purpose…' TNA AIR 14/840
117 'Of the eight weeks available…' Ibid.
10 The Main Offensive
125 'You have set a fire…' Cited in Searby, Everlasting Arms, pp. 96–7
126 'Mr Hollis, the Managing Director…' D2/10, Barnes Wallis Papers, Science Museum Archives
127 'You will see…' Ibid.
128 'Everything is being done…' Ibid.
131 'Hey, Hutch. Turn off the heat…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, pp. 235–7
133 'Any Captain who completes…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 141
134 'How would you like the idea…?' Cited in Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 238. Gibson claims in his book that he had been posted straight to 5 Group, his leave cancelled, in order to start writing a book for the benefit of the would-be bomber pilot. It seems very unlikely that having completed a year in office at 106 Squadron he would have had his leave cancelled in order to produce something as non-urgent as a memoir. The 106 Squadron Operational Record Book also records that he was posted on 14 March and certainly he had already been appointed CO of a newly forming squadron by the following day. A Personal Occurrence Report filed in No. 5 Group Appendices records that S/Ldr (A/W/Cdr) Gibson was posted for operational duties (W/Cdr post) wef 15/3/43 – permitted to retain acting rank of W/Cdr. However, since 617 Squadron was not officially formed it might be better to say 'earmarked to form a new squadron'.
11 Special Squadron
135 'The former is much more important…' TNA AIR 14/840
136 'If the Möhne attack…' TNA AIR 14/840
138 'What kind of trip, sir?' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 238
138 'I asked you the other day…' Ibid., p. 239
143 'At the moment…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 146
143 'Sit down. The first thing…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 146
144 'That was not to my liking…' IWM 8177/1
146 'I think we were both wondering…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 249
12 617 Squadron
152 'I spent quite a long time…' IWM 7298/1
153 'The loss rate…' Ibid.
155 'The engine got very hot…' Cited in The War Illustrated, 6/12/1943
156 'My reputation…' Cited in Thorning, Dambuster Who Cracked the Dam, p. 64
157 'Accurate navigation under moonlight…' TNA AIR 14/840
13 Certain Dams
161 'You're here to do a special job…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 243. Gibson is not specific about when he gave this speech although he says it was after three days. Although he arrived on 21 March, the first crews did not reach Scampton until the 24th. Also, he says that Astell was ordered to photo recce lakes and reservoirs straight after and that definitely took place on 27 March. Certainly, it would have made no sense to hold a briefing earlier, because there were not enough crews until that date.
163 This paper can be found at TNA AIR 8/1238
166 'I could remember how…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, pp. 258–9
14 The Conquest of Nature
170 'For this reason…' TNA AIR 8/1238
171 'You will note…' TNA AIR 2/1238
175 'The English claim…' Cited in Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, p. 561, and Irving, Goebbels, p. 754
177 'The same guns could have well…' Speer, Inside the Third Reich, p. 382
179 'Listen boys…' Cited in Euler, Dams Raid, p. 152
15 Low Level
184 'every effort…' TNA AIR 20/4821
185 'It is very difficult…' IWM 7298
188 'But on 617…' IWM 7372
190 'Caused the pilot to lose control…' Williams Papers, 11/4/1943
191 'But he was quite OK…' Ibid.
193 'Within half an hour…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 260
194 'This worked just as well…' IWM
16 Trials and Tribulations
198 'The objective of the campaign…' Harris, Bomber Offensive, p. 147
198 'a.303 bullet has but little…' Cited in Roy Irons, The Relentless Offensive, p. 62
204 'Run up to 150 rpm…' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 3/4/1943
207 'My Own Sweetheart Darling…' Barnes Wallis Papers, 12/4/1943
210 'When an engine stops…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 266
210 'I think they teach…' Ibid.
17 A Matter of Height and Speed
211 'Flight Sergeant Lovell…' TNA AIR 14/842
212 'This was the day…' John Fraser Papers
213 'I have not enlarged or boasted…'Williams Papers, 17/4/1943, QSL
213 'He'd do it in front of the squadron…' IWM 7298
214 'George, I want you' Cited in Humphries, Living With Heroes, pp. 4–5
215 'I only spoke to him once or twice…' IWM 7372
216 'life and soul of the party…' IWM 7298
216 'He was very strict…' IWM 8177
217 'I would be glad…' TNA ADM 277/46
217 'On the point of chances…' Ibid.
217 'From the Lancaster trials…' TNA AIR 14/2087
218 'wait a day or two…' TNA AIR 14/840
219 'Lunch on sandwiches…' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 18/4/1943
220 'You know the difficulties…' Cited in Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 251
220 'There is little doubt…' TNA AIR 14/840
223 'You will wish to see…' TNA AIR 14/840
224 'This would undoubtedly…' TNA CAB 80/68
225 'Failure…' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 22/4/1943
225 'The best height…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, pp. 268–9
18 Scampton and Reculver
227 'Flying at sixty feet…' IWM 8177
228 'What price the last big raid…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 18/4/1943
228 'The Mess is quite comfortable…' John Fraser Papers, 21/4/1943
229 'We have been drinking…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 11/4/1943
229 'I intend to lead…' John Fraser Papers, 22/4/1943
230 'All the lawns neatly mowed…' John Fraser Papers, 21/4/1943
230 'Do you think I might learn something…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 22/4/1943
230 'I did not enjoy it…' Ibid., 14/4/1943
230 'There was a big joke…' IWM
231 'Wish we were there now…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 25/4/1943
231 'I am anxious to know…' Ibid., 22/4/1943
232 'Ht 60', rpm 500…' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 29/4/1943
234 'No longer single…' John Fraser Papers, 2/5/1943
19 Bottomley Sets the Date
237 'Incidents such as this…' TNA AIR 14/840
242 'The time has now come…' TNA AIR 14/842
244 'How about radio telephony?' Cited in Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 274
248 'The news must have shaken her…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 7/5/1943
248 'What wonderful news…' Ibid., 7/5/1943
20 Air Ministry versus the Admiralty
250 'Weather still unsuitable' Barnes Neville Wallis Diary, 10/5/1943
251 'Will you please get down to it…' Cited in Sweetman, Bomber Crew/Dambusters Raid, p. 114
256 'There is considerable divergence…' TNA AIR 14/2088
257 'I found that with all your training…' IWM 7372
258 'Did you shave this morning?' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 22/4/1943
259 'I was so certain that I would find you…' Ibid., 11/5/1943
261 'They looked rather like a huge oil drum…' IWM 8177
261 'It was hard to think…' IWM 7372
262 'Sir, it is my duty to report…' Churchill Papers, 20/111
265 'much regret having been forced…' TNA AIR 2/8395
21 Countdown
268 'Full dress rehearsal…' TNA AIR 4/37
268 '2nd Wave…' TNA AIR 14/844
270 'I am very glad, darling…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 15/5/1943
274 'That night Hoppy saved our lives…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 276
277 'Then I was alone in my room…' Ibid.
22 Final Day
281 'Flying programme, Adj…' Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 6
283 'None of us had any idea…' Joe McCarthy Jr
284 'They were very high, the Dutch pylons…' IWM 7372
287 'I will never forget…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 277
287 'He was a very kindly man…' IWM 7298
289 'Can I have your egg…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 279
289 'And when I do get that leave…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, 16/5/1943
290 'Always on the spot, Adj' Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 10
290 'Hoppy, tonight's the night…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 279
290 'Don't let us worry you!' Cited in Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 10
23 Outward Journey
304 'The information we had…' IWM 16256
304 'GEE jammed something chronic' Maltby Navigation Log, c/o Rob Owen
305 'I was navigating all the time…' IWM 7298
305 'On one occasion…' Ibid.
307 'We are six miles south…' Cited in Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, pp. 284–5
309 'We always knew exactly…' Cited in Euler, Wasserkrieg, pp. 244–5
310 'In that light it looked…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 26
24 Goner
313 'Aircraft were circling…' Cited in Arthur, Dambusters, p. 229
313 'Bit aggressive, aren't they?' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 287
316 'You're going to hit them…' Ibid., pp. 288–9
318 'a piece of cake…' Cited in Vancouver Sun, 23/2/1952
318 'OK, attacking…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 289
319 'For Christ's sake…' Cited in Sweetman, Bomber Crew/Dambusters Raid, p. 165. The account of Hopgood's plane being hit comes from an interview with John Fraser in the Vancouver Sun, 23/2/1951
319 'look awful damn close…' Shere Fraser Lowe
324 'I hope they all come back' Cited in Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, pp. 277–8
325 'And then there was an excited yell…' IWM 8177
326 'I can hardly describe…' Cited in Euler, Wasserkrieg, pp. 239–40
327 'Wallis, I didn't believe a word…' Cited in Sweetman, Bomber Crew/Dambusters Raid, p. 168
25 The Hardest Target
330 'Nobody had seen it before…' IWM 7372
331 'To exit from the Eder Dam…' IWM 8177
332 'It all seemed so sudden and vicious…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 295
334 'I learned to keep cool…' IWM 7298
334 'We all joined in on the R/T…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 295
334 'It was a damn nuisance!' IWM 7298
335 'We could see the water gushing out…' IWM 7298
335 'We watched the water…' IWM 16256
335 'There was just this great big flood…' IWM 7372
335 'The telephone personnel…' Harris, Bomber Offensive, p. 158
26 Homeward Bound
341 'We flew low along that canal…' Gibson, Enemy Coast Ahead, p. 301
341 'We flew on…' IWM 13248
345 'So we realized then…' Ibid.
27 After the Raid
350 'All you could see…' Cited in Euler, Dams Raid, p. 119
351 'It's all over…' Cited in ibid., p. 120
352 'The screams from up the valley…' Cited in ibid., p. 125
353 'Pieces of debris…' Cited in ibid., p. 83
355 'fictitious character' Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 33
355 'I was flying at 30,000 feet…' Quoted by Fray in an interview for Sean Whyte from his written intelligence summary
356 'When I realized…' Ibid.
359 'depression to a certain extent' IWM 8177
359 'You get in the plane…' IWM 7372
360 'The War Cabinet…' TNA AIR 14/208
361 'But for your knowledge…' Ibid.
361 'I felt frightfully tired…' Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 39
28 Katastrophe
364 'You have just read…' Recording of Churchill's Speech to Congress, 19/5/1943, or www.royalsignals.org.uk
366 'The attacks of the British bombers…' Lochner, Goebbels Diaries, 18/5/1943
367 'Flight Lieutenant Astell…' c/o Ray Hepner
367 'I'm afraid I'm not…' Barnes Wallis Papers
369 'All rail bridges…' BA-MA RW 20/6/9
370 'The catastrophes…' BA-MA RL 4/366
371 'to influence the course of the war…' Speer, Inside the Third Reich, p. 383
372 'The sum of construction…' BA-MA RW 20/6/9
372 'He kept the documents…' Speer, Inside the Third Reich, p. 384
372 'Important spare parts…' MA-BA RL 4/366
29 Damn Busters
374 'This offensive is of decisive importance…' Cited in Chris Bellamy, Absolute War, p. 577
375 'The grid gas supply…' BA-MA RW20/6/9
377 'The Wing Commander's face…' Humphries, Living With Heroes, p. 53
Postscript
384 'No one accomplishment…' TNA AIR 20/4821
387 'All navigators, except one…' TNA AIR 14/2087
389 'It was wooded and rough…' IWM 8177
390 'It is my intention…' Cited in Webster and Frankland, Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany, Volume II, p. 179
392 'How soon could you let me have one?' Barnes Wallis Papers
393 'The effects of this brilliant…' Strategic Air Offensive against Germany, Volume II, p. 168
396 'The day was perfect…' Cited in Morris, Guy Gibson, p. 251
398 'It was a beautiful day…' Charles Roland Williams Papers, QSL
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