Walter Scott Notheis Jr. was a middling talent who looked at himself in the funhouse mirror of rock stardom and thought he saw Mick Jagger. Fame, however meager, can bring that sort of distortion.
Walter was born with stars in his eyes in 1943 in Dutchtown, a sturdy old German neighborhood in St. Louis, which has rock 'n' roll bona fides as Chuck Berry's hometown. He was a good-looking, ambitious kid with a sense of style, and you didn't need much more than that in those days to sing in a teen band.
One combo led to another, and in 1965, Notheis—rebranded as "Sir Walter Scott"—found himself standing in a St. Louis recording studio, belting the lyrics of a horn-driven pop song with a great lyric hook. The band's manager shopped the record to St. Louis deejays, and from there it went viral coast to coast, the way a pop song by an obscure local act once could.
Soon, kids across America were singing along with Sir Walter Scott:
"Look out for the cheater/Make way for the fool-hearted clown
Look out for the cheater/He's gonna build you up just to let you down."
"The Cheater" hit No. 12 on the pop charts, but the band that made the record was all but kaput by the time it appeared on "American Bandstand" in April 1966. Instead of capitalizing on fame, it imploded on it.
The group had an awkward name: Bob Kuban and the In-Men, as in hip. Kuban, the drummer, had put the band together piece by piece, with some of the best players in St. Louis. Seven members were trained musicians, meaning they could read music. The eighth was the last to be hired, vocalist Walter Notheis.
It needled Walter that Kuban, the non-singing percussionist, got top billing, and the In-Men splintered as their record was being played on the radio. Walter began fronting a new combo, with top billing: Walter Scott and the Guise. His new band dumped the horn section and tried to mimic the mod British Invasion sound. But the Guise's recordings quickly moved to the discount racks.
Walter was undeterred. He put together a show band and took it on the road to resorts in Florida and the Northeast, managing to earn a decent living as a musician throughout the 1970s, covering hits by Elvis and Neil Diamond but always—always—belting "The Cheater" as his showstopper.
He should have minded the message.
When Walter wasn't on the road, he lived with his second wife, an attractive brunette named JoAnn Calcaterra, on Lake Pershing in the St. Louis suburb of St. Peters. They had twins together, and Walter had two sons from his first marriage, which was done in by an affair with JoAnn. By 1982, wanderlust had invaded the second marriage from both ends. Walter had a squeeze on the road, backup singer Serina Michaels. And JoAnn had her own sneak-around going with a married local electrician, a very large man named Jim Williams.
On a stormy evening in the fall of 1983, a Cadillac driven by Williams' wife, Sharon, went into a ditch. Rescuers found Sharon Williams inside, an ugly gash to the back of her head. The next day, Jim Williams had his wife removed from life support. Authorities didn't bother with an autopsy. It was an accident. Two months later, on December 27, 1983, Walter Scott left his home to run an errand and was never seen again. Police found his car at the St. Louis airport. Jim Williams moved in with Walter's wife.
It seemed clear that this was a case of "foul play," as cops like to say, but law enforcers made a mess of it, failing to collect even rudimentary evidence. The investigation, if you can call it that, stagnated for nearly three years. In the interim, JoAnn and Jim Williams were married. Finally, in 1986, a new medical examiner, Mary Case, took a fresh look. She exhumed Sharon Williams' body and found a wound to the back of her head that could not have happened in a car wreck. She had been clubbed and the accident staged as a cover-up.
Jim Williams was arrested, and investigators visited his son, Jimi, who was in prison in Florida for drugs. The son suggested that a cistern on his father's former property would be a likely place to have concealed Sir Walter's body. On April 10, 1987, cops removed the cistern lid and found the corpse of the singer inside—hog-tied, shot and dumped in a watery grave.
The prosecution was difficult due to the shoddy investigations, and Jim Williams did not face trial until 1992, nine years after the slayings. It was over quickly once he was in the courtroom. After just a week of testimony and four hours of jury deliberation, Williams was convicted of both murders. Prosecutors sought death, but jurors recommended life without parole. As of 2011, Williams, 72, had spent 20 years locked up, with little chance of release.
JoAnn Williams, the former rock 'n' roll wife, got off easy. She pleaded to hindering prosecution, a meager felony, and served only 18 months in prison.
Sir Walter Scott never got the marquee status he desired. Who knows what might have happened if the In-Men had managed stayed together? Perhaps they would have become as famous as that horn band from up Interstate 55, Chicago. Instead, Walter had to settle for a small nook in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as part of the one-hit wonder exhibit.
Drummer Corky Laing told me that he reached a cold conclusion about rock music's most challenging aspect.
"The worst thing there is in rock 'n' roll is the spouse," he said. "The spouse is your biggest enemy. As a musician, your all-consuming mistress is your art. And your wife will hate that mistress, and that hatred will fuck you up. She'll say she loves your art. She'll say that's a big part of why she loves you. Bullshit. Deep down inside, the wife, the spouse, the partner—whatever you want to call her—she always hates the art."
Laing's words came while he was ruminating over another rock homicide from the 1980s—that of Felix Pappalardi, his bass-player bandmate in Mountain.
The name may be obscure to casual fans, but Pappalardi was a superstar among his peers. Guitar Player magazine called him "a giant among giants." He was born in 1939 in the Bronx, a doctor's son. Pappalardi studied at the High School of Music and Art in New York and went on to the University of Michigan, planning to train as a classical conductor. But it was the cusp of the 1960s, and Pappalardi was another of those young musicians having "difficulties with self-regulation." He dropped out of school, spent a brief, misguided hitch in the Army, and then joined a touring ragtime revival band. That gig eventually led him into the blossoming folk music scene in Manhattan's Greenwich Village.
It was there that he met the woman who would become his wife, an artist and poet named Gail Collins. "She was brilliant—too brilliant," Laing said.
Pappalardi drifted away from performing and into record production, working with folk friends like Cass Elliot, Ian and Sylvia, Joan Baez and John Sebastian. His talents went far beyond twisting mixing-board knobs. He was adept at writing arrangements, and he could jump into a recording session on nearly any instrument, from ukulele to horns to Mexican guitarrón.
In the late '60s, Eric Clapton and his group Cream hired Pappalardi to produce its seminal psychedelic LP, "Disraeli Gears." He played viola, keyboards and trumpet during those sessions. Cream went into the studio with too little material, so Pappalardi roughed out chord changes for a tune that became the hit "Strange Brew." He recruited his wife to scribble lyrics, and Clapton was soon singing her weird words into a microphone:
"She's some kinda demon messin' in the glue
If you don't watch out it'll stick to you."
Collins got a writing credit. She was no Cole Porter at that point, though Laing acknowledged that she got better with practice.
Pappalardi produced two more Cream recordings, and then was hired to produce a record for Mountain, fronted by big Leslie West, a Forest Hills, Queens, native (nee Weinstein) who got his start in rock 'n' roll when he got a Fender Stratocaster for his bar mitzvah. Pappalardi stepped in to play bass for Mountain. Their fourth gig ever was at Woodstock, right after the Grateful Dead.
West said Pappalardi was the band's musical genius.
"I couldn't believe how talented Felix was musically," West told an interviewer. "I knew nothing… I learned a lot of what not to do because of him, and I learned a lot of what to do because of him."
Pappalardi was heavily into narcotics, and that was a factor when he gave up the gig not long after Mountain scored big with "Mississippi Queen." He and his wife continued a close affiliation with the band. They had songwriting credits on most of the Mountain's recordings, and Collins painted the album cover art for "Climbing" and "Nantucket Sleighride." The second title comes from an old whaler's description of what happens when a harpooned whale takes a tethered ship for a ride. It's an apt metaphor for the rock-star lifestyle, too: Gird your loins and hold on.
With plenty of money and too much time on his hands, Pappalardi pursued three favorite vices: Drugs, sex, and guns.
"We were all living on Nantucket, and we used to have to disarm him when he got to our house," Laing told me. "He would drive around Nantucket in his Rolls Royce and shoot out the resistors on the telephone poles."
His behavior grew more bizarre as his drug use deepened.
"He would call in the middle of the night and ask me to come over because he had wasps in his house," Laing said. "I'd get over there, and he'd be shooting at hornets inside his house. He was scared to death of hornets."
"Felix's death was inevitable, one way or another," Laing said. "I knew he was gone, but he just hadn't gotten his pink slip. He was brilliant, but he just couldn't think straight… Here's a guy who had guns, who had a substance abuse problem, and who had serious emotional problems. When you've got that combination, something is going to happen."
It was just a matter of how and when.
Collins and Pappalardi had an open marriage, and their bed was often shared with guests. But jealousy cropped up in 1982 when he began sleeping with Valerie Merians, 27, an aspiring singer. The sex evolved into love, and Collins phoned her in-laws that December to say the marriage was on the brink.
Four months later, at sunrise on the morning of April 17, 1983, Gail Collins plugged her husband with a shot from her .38 Derringer in their swanky pad overlooking the East River in Midtown Manhattan. She immediately placed an urgent phone call—but not to 911. Instead, she phoned her lawyer, who advised her that perhaps she should seek medical help for her dying husband. When cops finally arrived, they found Pappalardi in his underwear, dead in bed. Collins had shot him in the neck after he returned home from a night with his mistress. Detectives found the couple's marriage certificate shredded in a wastebasket.
Common sense suggested that their love-triangle spat had turned violent. Yet Collins said she shot her husband accidentally during a 6 AM gun training session. Friends snickered at the alibi. But she would get the last laugh.
Collins went on trial for murder, and her prospects for acquittal seemed dim after Laing and others testified that Collins' story about the sunrise gun lesson was ludicrous, because she was a veritable Annie Oakley. The trial turned when a prosecutor tried to hand Collins the deadly Derringer as she testified.
"I can't touch that!" she cried out, collapsing.
The jury bought it. She was convicted of criminally negligent homicide, not murder. Jurors said her horror over the gun had turned them away from the more serious verdict. Judge James Leff admonished them for gullibility.
"She called her attorney instead of calling for help," Leff said. "She was concerned with her own well-being."
He sentenced Collins to the maximum prison term: Just four years. She served half that, then slipped off the rock 'n' roll radar screen after her release. People say she's living on a beach in Mexico. Wherever she is, she's getting songwriting residual checks, and she has the man she killed to thank for that.
Corky Laing is convinced that his friend's ability to buy guns so easily, despite his addiction, was a failing of society. He donated to an anti-gun organization the residuals from a 1998 release of a Mountain reunion concert—with Pappalardi on bass—recorded in New Jersey in 1974.
Leslie West, Mountain's guitarist and singer, has described Pappalardi's shooting as a life lesson for rock stars. "Buy your wife a diamond ring, some flowers, a push-up bra," he said. "Don't buy her a gun."
Laing agreed that Pappalardi had violated a fundamental principle.
"You don't go home when your wife is waiting for you with a gun and tell her you're going to leave her," the drummer told me. "You know she's gonna 'Sam Cooke' your ass."
Cooke would cringe at the idea that, nearly 50 years after his own early death, his name had become a musician's synonym for "kill."
Sam Cooke seemed a model of respectability. He was clean-cut, with buzzed hair and a cardigan-sweater persona. In 1964, he was one of America's most recognizable and respected black entertainers. He had limitless potential as two-way star—a cross between Nat King Cole and Sidney Poitier.
Cooke was born in 1931 in the Delta hub city of Clarksdale, Mississippi, and raised in Chicago after his preacher father joined the Depression procession from farms in the South to factories in the North. The father, Charles Cook (Sam later added an "e" to his stage name), fashioned his large family into a gospel act, Rev. Cook and His Singing Children. Young Sam became a star of sacred singing as a teenager, and he was hired as lead tenor of the Soul Stirrers, the country's most popular gospel group.
He had a great career with that group, but yearned for fame beyond church pews. In the mid-1950s, the fast track to fame was rock 'n' roll. Cooke first recorded secular music in 1956, and lightning struck the following year, with his recording of "You Send Me." He sang the tune on "The Ed Sullivan Show," and it raced to the top of the pop charts. Cooke became a pop hit machine. His smooth but soulful vocal style was unmistakable, less edgy than most R&B of the era. He scored nearly 30 hit songs over seven years, including "Cupid," "Wonderful World," "Chain Gang," "Bring It on Home" and "Another Saturday Night."
He was the rare R&B star who managed to put most of his record-sales money in his own pocket. By age 33, he had sold 10 million records, was dabbling in acting, and was an important new voice for civil rights. He lived in the Hollywood Hills with his wife, Barbara. Cooke seemed to be living the dream.
Behind his squeaky-clean image, Cooke had one of those rock 'n' roll self-regulation issues—his libido. The problem had tailed him since his years as a gospel star, when he juggled three pregnant girlfriends.
Two weeks before Christmas in 1964, Cooke was at Martoni's, a music-business watering hole on Sunset Boulevard. Fate walked through the door. Her name was Elisa Boyer, 22, a slightly built woman of English and Chinese ancestry. After a drink or two, Cooke and Boyer left in the singer's red Ferrari and went to PJ's, another entertainment-biz joint on Santa Monica Boulevard. They stayed for hours, and then left together at about 2 AM.
What were their plans? Only two people know: Cooke and Boyer.
The singer's kin have worked hard to resurrect his reputation. His nephew, Eric Greene, wrote a biography of his uncle, and his family resents the prevailing portrait of Cooke as an ardent womanizer.
"The fact that Sam was portrayed as an over-sexed potential rapist deeply disturbed those who knew him best," Greene told me. "Not only was this far from the truth, it was the kind of accusation that was almost impossible to disprove. On the other hand, a black entertainer taking advantage of a defenseless, star-struck Eurasian girl was much more plausible in the public's eyes, especially if it's been reported alcohol was involved. But just how innocent was the victim?"
Of course, the same question must be asked of the married Cooke.
Boyer later said that she had expected only a ride home. But Cooke drove nearly 20 miles from Hollywood to south-central L.A. He pulled into the Hacienda Motel on South Figueroa Street at 2:35 AM. At three bucks a night, it was an appropriate spot for a cheap rendezvous. If Cooke was a practiced hand at closing-time flings, he made a rookie mistake, signing the register with his real name. The clerk, Bertha Franklin, assigned a rear room, and Cooke parked in front of that door.
Boyer said Cooke manhandled her out of her clothes. She said, "I started talking very loudly: 'Please, take me home.' He pinned me on the bed. He kept saying, 'We're just going to talk.' … He pulled my sweater off and ripped my dress… I knew he was going to rape me."
When Cooke went into the bathroom, Boyer grabbed an armful of clothing—his and hers—and left the room. Cooke returned from the bathroom to find the girl and most of his clothing gone. Dressed in a sports jacket and not much more, he drove back to the office and pounded on the locked door.
Bertha Franklin, who was on the phone with the motel's owner, Evelyn Carr, later explained, "He just kept saying, 'Where's the girl?' I told him to get the police if he wanted to search my place. He said, 'Damn the police.'"
She wouldn't open the door, so the singer kicked his way inside and throttled Franklin, 55. They fell to the floor, but the woman managed to retrieve a .22-caliber pistol she kept handy. She fired three times, and one shot tore through Cooke's heart. His life ended at 3:15 AM. Carr, the motel owner, heard the shots over the open phone line. She hung up and called police.
If this were a simple story—like a tidy plot for a one-hour TV crime drama that ends with someone in handcuffs—Elisa Boyer would be revealed at this point in the narrative to have been a grifter who used the old grab-and-dash wallet technique on a rich celebrity. This is not a simple story.
Patrol cars had already been dispatched to the Hacienda by the time Carr called police. Boyer had called police herself seven minutes earlier from a phone booth near the motel. She reported that she had been kidnapped, and she wanted the singer arrested.
A coroner's inquest sought to sort it all out. Jurors listened to a couple of hours of testimony from Boyer, Franklin and others, and then concluded in just 15 minutes that the shooting was justifiable because Franklin was endangered. Boyer wasn't charged, either.
A month after Cooke was shot, Boyer was charged with prostitution for agreeing to have sex with a plainclothes cop for $40, but the charge eventually was thrown out as entrapment. A private eye claimed Boyer was a hooker with a reputation for rolling customers. If she was after Cooke's money, why would she call police? It is another unanswerable question. Boyer slipped into obscurity, and Cooke wasn't available to give his side.
Greene, the singer's nephew, told me his family suspected that Cooke was targeted for murder because he had discovered financial irregularities and suspected fraud by his business partners.
"I believe Sam was killed because he was worth more dead than alive to certain parties," Greene said.
If that is true, the murder of Sam Cooke was the most convoluted hit ever: A young woman lured him to the killer and a middle-aged woman did the deed (using a varmint gun, no less) while her boss listened in by phone.
His death was unlikely, but so was Sam Cooke's life: From the Delta to the pinnacle of pop, it culminated in charter membership in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, followed by a second induction as a member of the Soul Stirrers.
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