The eighties was the decade of the duo: Eurythmics, Pet Shop Boys, Soft Cell, Yaz(oo), Erasure, Naked Eyes, and Blancmange, 2 Name a Few (which would be an awesome name for an eighties duo. Still available). Then there was Tears for Fears. Curt Smith and Roland Orzabal fancied themselves a far more serious proposition than those other twosomes. Not for them all the excesses emblematic of the era. They took their name from psychotherapist Arthur Janov's primal therapy, which suggests that emotionally scarred adults can heal by giving voice to their repressed adolescent pain. Tears for Fears' debut album, 1983's The Hurting, was a monochromatic expression of resentment and anxiety, most notably the seminal single "Mad World." The multiplatinum follow-up, Songs from the Big Chair, was a brilliant litany of complaints led by "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" and "Shout." For a time, these two damaged individuals had such a sure hit-making touch that they turned the world into one big psychiatrist's couch.
JB: Neil Tennant once described the Pet Shop Boys as "the Smiths you can dance to." Tears for Fears were the Smiths with all traces of irony, humor, and self-awareness stripped out. TFF were unhappy, sullen, alone, and neglected. Devotees of primal therapy they may have been, but Tears for Fears did not express their inner agony in an endless, ragged whine. Rather, they made their misery as seductively melodic as possible. Morrissey and Tennant were capable of writing a lyric like "The dreams in which I'm dying are the best I've ever had," but they would have brought a degree of mockery to the delivery of such a line. Tears for Fears found nothing to laugh at. But at the same time, they took care to ensure that such sentiments were delivered in as sumptuous a setting as technologically possible. The Hurting and Songs from the Big Chair are incredibly accomplished records that manage to be both instantly memorable and endlessly replayable. Their best songs seeped into the culture and have lasted a lifetime. And that's any unhappy adolescent's best revenge.
LM: Overexposure to Tears for Fears during their Big Chair period—"Shout" was easily the most played-out song of my teen years—caused me to unfairly dismiss their entire discography for at least a decade. It wasn't until the stripped-down Gary Jules version of "Mad World" in the early 2000s that I was finally able to see TFF for what they really are: timeless songwriters. "Mad World" is a classic, dark, brooding slice of self-pity, the kind of song I cried over as an insecure, open wound of a teen, and the kind of song I cry over now when, amazingly, I'm still an insecure open wound of a teen.
CURT SMITH: I was born in the southwest of England: Bath, Somerset. There wasn't really a Bath scene. There was one place to play; it was called Moles. We relied less on fashion, unlike Manchester, Liverpool, or London. There was no competition between bands in Bath. We were kind of it. To this day, I think I'm the most famous person born there. Roland was born in Portsmouth, but he moved to Bath with his mother when he was about 11, after his parents split up. He lived where I lived, in a council estate called Snow Hill.
ROLAND ORZABAL: What did I think of Curt right at the beginning? Well, he was dark-skinned. I thought he was from Eastern Europe or something. He was a friend of a friend who I was staying with, so we went along to see if Curt would come out. But he wasn't allowed out because he'd done something bad or wrong. So my first impression wasn't particularly good. I mean, we got on very well, but I think Curt was a bit of a petty criminal.
The guy I was staying with, I had a band with him. I was the guitarist, he was the bass player, we had a drummer. We were no good. But I heard Curt singing along to a record in his bedroom, which was "Last Days of May" by Blue Öyster Cult, and I thought, We should try him as a singer. And we did.
SMITH: When we were 18, mod music was happening—Madness, the Specials. We had this band, a five-piece called Graduate. We wore the eyeliner and the suits. We signed our first record deal when we were 18, with no success other than in Spain, where Graduate had a number-one hit: "Elvis Should Play Ska." We toured Europe in two vans—we were humping the gear and everything. But Roland and I, we were interested in honing our recording skills, making good records. When we left Graduate, we were 19, and there were three pivotal records that really influenced the way we were going to move forward: Peter Gabriel's third album, Remain in Light by Talking Heads, and Scary Monsters by David Bowie. And Gary Numan was a big influence in the sense that you could actually make records without a band.
We did a demo of a couple of songs, "Suffer the Children" and "Pale Shelter," and started doing the rounds of record companies. Only one wanted us: a guy called Dave Bates, who signed us to Phonogram for a two-single deal. We released both songs as singles. Neither was a hit. The industry in those days—it's not like it is now, where if both flop, you're finished. Dave had heard all the other songs we'd written and convinced the record company to let us make an album. We did the majority of The Hurting at Abbey Road, but it took us a year to make, with many fights with the record company about their money we were spending.
Once we'd finished, we got to "Mad World." No one thinks it's quirky now, because it's part of history, but it was very quirky then. There was a plan on the part of the record company: We had to build up our credibility and become hip, and "Mad World" was picked to do that, to get us some press. No one ever expected it to become a hit. They believed there were other songs on the album that would be bigger, like "Pale Shelter" and "Change."
ORZABAL: "Mad World" was a shock. It was supposed to be the B-side of "Pale Shelter." But when I played it to Dave Bates, he said, "That's a single." Thank God.
I never particularly liked "Mad World" very much. But that's why I mucked about with it so much in the studio—programmed it up, spent a long time getting it into the state that it ended up in on The Hurting. I couldn't sing it. I still can't sing it—it just doesn't work. I did a quick double track and hated it. I said to Curt, "You sing it." And it was much, much better. He's got a soft resonance to his voice. "Mad World" is, I think, the best vocal he's ever done. It was recorded brilliantly, and it's just incredibly haunting.
In the early days, I'd just write the songs, and if I couldn't think of some lyrics, I'd ask Curt to do them. When we started off, it was very much Curt as frontman and me as studio boffin. It was like that until "Shout." Because it was such a big hit, when we got to America, people saw us more as co-frontmen. Certainly, in the early days in England, Curt was the pop star, and I was in the background.
SMITH: The recording of "Mad World" took a while, but writing it took an afternoon. We were sitting on the second floor of the Bath flat that Roland used to live in, looking down on people dressed in suits going to work, coming back from work, thinking, What a mundane life these people must live. Although since then, I've longed for that.
ORZABAL: That's what kicked the lyric off. I wrote "Mad World" on an acoustic guitar, and I think one of the songs on the radio was "Girls on Film" by Duran Duran. I was thinking, How did I get from the celebratory glam sound of Duran Duran to this really sort of introspective song? Although we were trying to look like pop stars, our lyrics were far more melancholic and, some might say, depressing. The line "The dreams in which I'm dying are the best I've ever had," that comes from Janov and his primal scream theory. I remember reading once that your most powerful dreams—in essence, the ones that are life-threatening dreams—are the ones that release the most tension. And I found that myself, when I was 18, 19. Certainly I had some pretty vivid dreams, and I always woke up feeling rather refreshed.
MIXTAPE: 5 More Sad, Sniveling Slices of Self-Pity 1. "There Is a Light That Never Goes Out," The Smiths 2. "10:15 Saturday Night," The Cure 3. "Heaven (I Want You)," Camouflage 4. "Victims," Culture Club 5. "Voices Carry," 'Til Tuesday
Janov's theories go along with the tabula rasa theory—that we're born, then life etches our character through experiences, good and bad. So that's what Curt and I believed at the time. We both felt that the child was sacred, especially the child that was suffering, hence the curled-up little child on the front of The Hurting.
I think that we couldn't really help but be a little deeper than what was going on [in music at the time]. Journalists didn't like it; we were called "po-faced." We had people like Gary Kemp saying, "They're too young to be writing about what they're writing." But [Kemp's and Spandau Ballet's] London scene, with all the glamour and glitz, was not something that allowed for that kind of introspection.
SMITH: After the [1983] release of The Hurting, we toured the world for a year. That widens your musical horizons and changes you. The only place I'd been outside England prior to us having a band was Spain: a holiday in Torremolinos, full of bad English people. We were 20 when that song came out, so we had a lot of screaming girls, but we also had a lot of shoegazers. Half the audience wouldn't make eye contact; the other half were trying to rip our shirts off.
"We were 20 when that song came out, so we had a lot of screaming girls, but we also had a lot of shoegazers. Half the audience wouldn't make eye contact; the other half were trying to rip our shirts off."
The Hurting was big everywhere apart from America. When we came back to England, we felt like we wanted to make something bigger. We'd grown up a lot and weren't just concentrating on primal theory. The last thing we wanted to do was The Hurting, Part 2. We started listening to different stuff, thanks to our producer, Chris Hughes. We were introduced to people like Steely Dan and Lynyrd Skynyrd. We listened to a lot more Frank Zappa. But it wasn't a conscious decision to sound American. The only conscious part was that we never wanted to make the same album twice.
ORZABAL: Everything changed between The Hurting and Songs from the Big Chair. It was an incredibly difficult album to make. We were working every day, seven days a week, mainly at Abbey Road's Penthouse studio. We would be working until two in the morning. We would be doing vocals over and over and over again. These are the days before Auto-Tune. I remember Curt being in tears in the toilet. There was this new kind of ambition around the band. It was like, "No, you're not going to be introspective anymore." And there was a push for, as Dave calls it, the drive-time single.[1]
SMITH: "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" was the last song we did. We needed one more track for the album. We said, "What would go really well with this album is a song that's lighter and has more of a shuffle beat that moves away from the intensity of the rest of the album."
ORZABAL: I had a song, which was originally called "Everybody Wants to Go to War"—not quite so catchy. It didn't fit with the fragile, insular music that we'd done before, so I was a little bit suspicious. But when we came to record it, we did a bit of improvising—myself, Chris [Hughes], and Curt—and it became so simple.
At the time, there were songs coming out—"Two Tribes," Frankie Goes to Hollywood; I think they did a cover of [Edwin Starr's] "War." It was the era of the Cold War, when it was pretty much at its peak, and everyone was worried about the nuclear threat and the possible nuclear exchange between Russia and America. At the same time, the band was starting to become more global in our outlook.
"Everybody Wants to Rule the World" was about me putting pressure on them to be the biggest group in the world, and the whole idea of world domination and them becoming huge. I believe "Shout" is also about me, because I used to shout a lot. I don't care. It's fine. I just wanted them to be incredibly successful.
The lyrics were written the day before. We were in Germany mixing the record, and I had to stay in the hotel room and quickly come up with the lyrics for Curt to sing the next day. The only line of any significance is "So glad they had to fade it." That was a reference to a conversation with Dave Bates in his A&R office. It was about the "Shout" edit for radio, that they didn't like playing anything eight minutes long, because they had to pay more money for it. We were arguing with him, and Dave decided to reduce the song by five seconds.
SMITH: Five seconds. You're really telling me it won't be a hit unless we take five seconds off? It was that stupid. We said, "Why can't the radio stations just fade it earlier?" It was a whole power play. That's what A&R men do: They feel like they have to stick their two cents in, otherwise they're not doing their jobs.
We became insular after Songs from the Big Chair. It was so huge everywhere, and when we were on the road, we were getting a bit cocky. We realized, in retrospect, the downside of having that much success, which is you're then surrounded by yes men who are making a living off you and coaxing you into doing it again without consideration for the music, just purely to capitalize on the money they've already made.
ORZABAL: Our manager went bankrupt during the Seeds of Love tour. We were no longer a unit. Also, the relationship with Bates became strained. And then there was a change of personalities at the U.S. record company [Mercury Records]. Our success in America has an awful lot to do with Dave Bates and his relationship with the U.S. company, and with a change of personnel, it was no longer there for Seeds of Love.
We spent too long touring Songs from the Big Chair. In hindsight, we should have done a short tour and pretty much gone straight back in the studio. I think we would've been happier. I think it would have been far more successful. There was such a loathing of going out into the world and doing the same songs over and over again. We never changed a set on the Big Chair tour.
Personally, I wanted to reinvent Tears for Fears after Big Chair, hence coming back with a completely different sound—Seeds of Love sounding like the Beatles. I had absolutely no sense—no commercial sense and no business sense—and no one was really arguing with me. So we drifted for four years making Seeds of Love. I think everyone expected Seeds of Love to be as big as Big Chair.
SMITH: During the making of Seeds of Love, I was going through a divorce from my first wife, who I'd been with for seven years. We were separated, and I was left with the realization that I got no support from anyone around me. It became very obvious their prime concern was to get me back in the studio to finish this album as opposed to my personal sanity. I had no normal life, and I got no support from anyone. Including Roland. The downside of a duo is you've only got each other to argue with, and we butted heads quite often.
ORZABAL: I'm not sure if I would agree. Moody silences were more the case than butting heads.
SMITH: We'd been in bands together since we were 13; now we were 27. The chemistry between Roland and myself had changed over the years. We were definitely kindred spirits, but bar our humor and our musical taste, we're now very different people. We needed a break from each other. I realized life is too damn short: I can't do this anymore. I had to leave the band.
ORZABAL: When you get to the age of 28, 29, lots of things change, especially as you start thinking about kids. I had a very close relationship with Curt, and it was almost as if that had to go before I had kids.
SMITH: I told Roland before we went on tour that I was leaving at the end, which in retrospect was a mistake. It didn't make for a particularly enjoyable tour, and we had nine months of it. Our relationship was horrible. We were hardly even talking. Front of the bus was Roland, back of the bus was me and the rest of the band. I did say goodbye when it was over, but it was an awkward one. The last show we did was Knebworth in 1990: big show in front of 120,000 people. We flew in a helicopter back to London, and literally the next day, me and my now-wife went to Antigua on holiday and never looked back.
THAT WAS THEN
BUT THIS IS NOW
Tears for Fears are survived by their back catalog, particularly "Everybody Wants to Rule the World"—now a go-to track on classic rock and adult-contemporary radio as well as all-eighties stations—and "Mad World." The latter was rejuvenated by Gary Jules's mournful voice-and-piano rendition, which was recorded for Richard Kelly's 2001 Donnie Darko. The movie's leisurely gestating cult status helped the song become a hit in 2003, when it saw the year out as the U.K.'s most depressing Christmas number one of all time. "Mad World" continues to be covered, most memorably by Adam Lambert on American Idol and most recently by Susan Boyle. The Jules version has become a definitive soundtrack staple; whenever a crime show needs a bleak song to accompany the aftermath of a killing spree, "Mad World" is never far away. In 2004, Smith and Orzabal reunited for an album of new material, Everybody Loves a Happy Ending, which has led to semi-regular Tears for Fears world tours and, according to Orzabal, another album of new material coming soon.
SMITH: We didn't talk to each other for 10 years. I moved to L.A. Eventually his manager called me out of the blue and asked if I'd be interested in doing another record with Roland. My initial reaction was "No way! Life's too good!" But then I talked to my wife, and I thought, That's kind of unfair. It's been 10 years. I don't even know what he's like anymore. It's unfair to judge someone on the person you left 10 years before. I'm not the person I was 10 years before.
ORZABAL: Well, we didn't have a manager at the time. It was a case of Curt had sent me a fax—I had to do something for him that involved a notary in Bath, some sort of business thing—and he thanked me and said, "Now you have my number; call me at some point." So I called him. Once we spoke and I heard his mid-Atlantic accent, I realized that things had completely changed. We were a lot more grown up. But we've been back together for longer than we've been apart.
"I had no normal life, and I got no support from anyone. Including Roland. The downside of a duo is you've only got each other to argue with, and we butted heads quite often."
SMITH: We met up in Bath. It wasn't weird at all. I mean, it was weird for the first 10 minutes, but after that, it was fine. I was just about to have my first kid, and it became obvious that he'd mellowed considerably. In the first three albums there was definitely ego involved: You're vying for your position and making sure you have 50 percent of the say. But it's the balance of the two of us that brings out the sound that is Tears for Fears.
ORZABAL: When we started playing together [again], we played one show, and Curt said, "Right, let's switch positions on stage." I had always been on the left, and he always on the right, and we switched over. It was like him saying, "This isn't going to be like it was."
Does the title Everybody Loves a Happy Ending refer to our reunion? Yes, because it was a happy ending. Of all of the albums we've made together, I'd say Happy Ending is the only one that we really enjoyed [making]. We just had a blast. We'd grown up, no pressure from a manager, no pressure from a record company, no expectations, and just getting back together purely for the sake of seeing what we can do and to enhance your history.
SMITH: "Mad World" and "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" have lasted because of the emotion. You see that in Gary Jules's version of "Mad World" and in Adam Lambert's. He sold it, and Gary did as well. It's one of those lyrics you can get your teeth into. Although sometimes those songs are hard for us to do live because we're not miserable adolescents anymore. We're cranky old men.
ORZABAL: In some ways, "Mad World" has been more successful as a cover version, especially the Michael Andrews–Gary Jules rerecord, which was never how I saw the song. I always saw it as an upbeat song. When they slowed it right down and made it heart-wrenching, the lyrics all of a sudden popped out at me, and I realized for the first time that they were pretty good lyrics. The first time I heard it, my friend had brought a copy of the Donnie Darko soundtrack from America and played it in the kitchen. My son at the time was six years old, and he started singing along to the lyrics: "Children waiting for the day they feel good / Happy birthday, happy birthday." And it was like, Oh my God! Suddenly I knew what it was like to be a father instead of a child. When Curt and I first started, we had embraced Arthur Janov and primal scream therapy; our idea was to get rich, get famous, and get therapy. Having both come from difficult childhoods, it was very easy for us to sing from what I now call the woe-is-me area. Parents were to blame, the establishment was to blame, children were innocent. Of course, I don't believe that now.
I went through primal therapy in my mid- to late 20s, and when my first child was born, he came out, and it was like everything that I had believed was clearly not true. Because here was someone with a soul, with a character, already, at day one. So I don't believe those things anymore. I don't believe the child is a victim. I think the character of the child is predetermined.
SMITH: We toured South America last year, two weeks in Brazil. Our audience was from 18 years old up to 45. The younger demographic, it's all people discovering The Hurting now and relating to it because it's what they're going through. It means the same to those 18-year-olds as it did to us when we wrote it. I hear people saying, "Music's not what it used to be," and I'm like, "Yeah, it is. Don't you remember back then?" The majority of the stuff we listened to sucked. What you take with you is the really good stuff. But there was a ton of shit in the eighties. For every one of us, there was a Flock of Seagulls.[2]
Notes
[1] DAVE BATES: "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" was not originally on Songs from the Big Chair. We had "Mother's Talk," "Shout," "Head Over Heels," "I Believe." We were getting close to finishing the album, and it was already great, but we missed what I called the American drive-time single. I explained to them what the American drive-time single was—sun roof off, driving through the desert or driving home during rush hour with a tune coming out the radio and your arm stuck out the window—and Roland replied, "I know the kind of thing you need," and he played this riff. I went, "That's it! That's the one!" And he said, "Well, I ain't doing it." What Roland didn't realize was Dave Bascombe, the engineer, recorded him playing that riff. When Roland went home, [producer] Chris Hughes, [keyboard player] Ian Stanley, and Bascombe put a loop together using that riff; they put the drumbeat together and keyboards over it. When Roland came back, we said, "Check this out." We pressed the button, and there was the basis of a song. Roland could see the possibilities of it. In the end, "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" went on the album.
[2] MIKE SCORE, A FLOCK OF SEAGULLS: The one word that springs to mind is jealousy. Maybe they didn't see a band like us coming up beside them? Tears for Fears I don't think wrote great songs; they were helped along by a brilliant producer, Chris Hughes. He took the little things that they had and turned them into absolute works of art, little bits of genius. Kind of like the Beatles wrote incredible songs, but I don't think the Beatles would've been anything like they were if it hadn't been for George Martin. I'm not going to slag Tears for Fears. Songs from the Big Chair was one of the best albums I'd ever heard. The Hurting was good too, but it just showed you where they could be. The thing is, where did they go after that, you know? I think they went kind of downhill. Like I said, I don't want to slag them, because I really did enjoy their stuff, but Curt Smith may be living in a little fantasyland that Tears for Fears was something spectacular.
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