不论你身处何地,
也不论你是什么人,
此刻,以及我们生命中的每时每刻,
有一件事对你我来说是相同的:
我们不是在休憩,
而是在旅途中。
徒步旅行
Walking Tours
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 / Robert Louis Stevenson
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森(1850—1894),英国新浪漫主义小说家兼小品文作家,生于爱丁堡,毕业于爱丁堡大学法律系,但他最大的志向是在文学方面。他的第一部散文著作《内陆航行》于1878年出版。他一生被肺病困扰,周游各地养病,其间发表了大量短篇小说和游记。
It must not be imagined that a walking tour, as some would have us fancy, is merely a better or worse way of seeing the country. There are many ways of seeing landscape quite as good; and none more vivid, in spite of canting dilettantes, than from a railway train. But landscape on a walking tour is quite accessory. He who is indeed of the brotherhood does not voyage inquest of the picturesque, but of certain jolly humors of the hope and spirit with which the march begins at morning, and the peace and spiritual repletion of the evening’ s rest. He cannot tell whether he puts his knapsack on, or takes it off, with more delight. The excitement of the departure puts him in key for that of the arrival. Whatever he does is not only a reward in itself, but will be further rewarded in the sequel; and so pleasure leads to pleasure in an endless chain. It is this that so few can understand; they will either be always lounging or always at five miles an hour; they do not play off the one against the other, prepare all day for the evening, and all evening for the next day. And, above all, it is here that your overwalker fails of comprehension. His heart rises against those who drink their curacoa in liqueur glasses, when he himself can swill it in a brown John. He will not believe that the flavour is more delicate in the smaller dose. He will not believe that to walk this unconscionable distance is merely to stupefy and brutalize himself, and come to his inn, at night, with a sort of frost on his five wits, and a starless night of darkness in his spirit. Not for him the mild luminous evening of the temperate walker! He has nothing left of man but a physical need for bedtime and a double nightcap; and even his pipe, if he be a smoker, will be savorless and disenchanted. It is the fate of such a one to take twice as much trouble as is needed to obtain happiness, and miss the happiness in the end; he is the man of the proverb, in short, who goes farther and fares worse.
Now, to be properly enjoyed, a walking tour should be gone upon alone. If you go in a company, or even in pairs, it is no longer a walking tour in anything but name; it is something else and more in the nature of a picnic. A walking tour should be gone upon alone, because freedom is of the essence; because you should be able to stop and go on, and follow this way or that, as the freak takes you; and because you must have your own pace, and neither trot alongside a champion walker, nor mince in time with a girl. And then you must be open to all impressions and let your thoughts take colour from what you see. You should be as a pipe for any wind to play upon. “I cannot see the wit,” says Hazlitt, “of walking and talking at the same time. When I am in the country I wish to vegetate like the country, ” which is the gist of all that can be said upon the matter. There should be no cackle of voices at your elbow, to jar on the meditative silence of the morning. And so long as a man is reasoning he cannot surrender himself to that fine intoxication that comes of much motion in the open air, that begins in a sort of dazzle and sluggishness of the brain, and ends in a peace that passes comprehension.
During the first day or so of any tour there are moments of bitterness, when the traveller feels more than coldly towards his knapsack, when he is half in a mind to throw it bodily over the hedge and, like Christian on a similar occasion, “give three leaps and go on singing.” And yet it soon acquires a property of easiness. It becomes magnetic; the spirit of the journey enters into it. And no sooner have you passed the straps over your shoulder than the lees of sleep are cleared from you, you pull yourself together with a shake, and fall at once into your stride. And surely, of all possible moods, this, in which a man takes the road, is the best. Of course, if he will keep thinking of his anxieties, if he will open the merchant Abudah’ s chest and walk arm-in-arm with the hag — why, wherever he is, and whether he walks fast or slow, the chances are that he will not be happy. And so much the more shame to himself! There are perhaps thirty men setting forth at that same hour, and I would lay a large wager there is not another dull face among the thirty. It would be a fine thing to follow, in a coat of darkness, one after another of these wayfarers, some summer morning, for the first few miles upon the road. This one, who walks fast, with a keen look in his eyes, is all concentrated on his own mind; he is up at his loom, weaving and weaving, to set the landscape to words. This one peers about, as he goes, among the grasses; he waits by the canal to watch the dragonflies; he leans on the gate of the pasture, and cannot look enough upon the complacent kine. And here comes another, talking, laughing, and gesticulating to himself. His face changes from time to time, as indignation flashes from his eyes or anger clouds his forehead. He is composing articles, delivering orations, and conducting the most impassioned interviews, by the way. A little farther on, and it is as like as not he will begin to sing. And well for him, supposing him to be no great master in that art, if he stumbles across no stolid peasant at a corner; for on such an occasion, I scarcely know which is the more troubled, or whether it is worse to suffer the confusion of your troubadour, or the unfeigned alarm of your clown. A sedentary population, accustomed, besides, to the strange mechanical bearing of the common tramp, can in no wise explain to itself the gaiety of these passersby. I knew one man who was arrested as a runaway lunatic, because although a full-grown person with a red beard, he skipped as he went like a child. And you would be astonished if I were to tell you all the grave and learned heads who have confessed to me that, when on walking tours, they sang — and sang very ill — and had a pair of red ears when, as described above, the inauspicious peasant plumped into their arms from round a corner.
我们一定不要像有些人那样,认为徒步旅行只是观赏乡村风景的一种更好或更坏的方式。其实观赏山水风景有很多选择,而且都很不错,但没有哪种能比得上坐火车观赏那样生动有趣,尽管一些附庸风雅之人并不赞同。但是,徒步观光的确不是一个十分可行的方法。一个真正有兄弟情怀的人乘船出行时,并不奢求沿途有特殊的景观,而是怀着某种愉悦之情——从早晨充满希望、精神抖擞地出航,到夜晚平安、满足地归航。他说不清是挎上还是卸下背包哪一种更快乐。起程时的兴奋让他一心想着终点。不管他做什么,得到的都不仅仅是事物本身,一定也会在未来得到更丰厚的赏赐。因此,快乐带来另一种快乐,源源不断。
关于这一点,只有少数人能够明白,大多数人不是长期待在一个地方不动,就是顷刻数里。他们不会将两者折中,而是终日劳碌奔忙。而且,最重要的是赶路之人不能领悟旅游的乐趣。这种人,自己对着酒罐痛饮时,见到别人用小杯子喝酒就会心生反感。他不会相信,啜酒才能品出酒的醇香;也不会相信,拼命赶路只会让自己变得麻木、冷酷无情;晚上回到客栈感觉筋疲力尽、头脑昏沉。他不像悠闲的漫步者那样觉得夜晚温和迷人。上床大睡与双份睡前饮料是他仅有的生理需要。如果他是个吸烟的人,甚至连烟斗也会变得索然无味,没有诱惑力。在追求快乐的过程中,这种人注定要事倍功半,并且最终与快乐无缘。总之,他如同谚语中所说的那种人——走得越远越糟糕。
那么,要好好地享受旅行,徒步旅行者需要力求独自前往。如果你成群结队或结伴而行,那就不再是徒步旅行,只是徒有其表罢了,更像是大自然中的一次野炊。徒步旅行应单独前往,因为它的本质是自由,这样你就能随时停下或继续前进,按着自己的心情选择这条路或那条路;你必须有自己的步调,既不需要跟紧步履匆匆之人,也无须在女孩身上浪费时间。然后,你一定要敞开胸怀,让所见之物为你的思想添彩。你应该像一支任一种风都能吹响的笛子。哈兹里特曾说:“我不能体会行走与谈论同步的乐趣。当我身在乡村时,我向往简单纯粹的生活,就像村民们一样。”这正是独自旅行的内涵。在你的身边,不该有嘈杂之声打破清晨沉思的寂静。一个没有停止思考的人,是不会全身心地沉醉于来自户外的美好景致之中的。这种沉醉起始于思维的眩晕和停滞,最终进入一种超凡的平和境界。
任何形式的出游,第一天总会有些苦涩的瞬间。旅行者对他的背包态度冷淡,几乎想要把它抛到篱笆之外时,会像基督徒在类似情形下的做法一样——“跳三跳,继续歌唱。”并且,很快你就能获得出游的舒适心境。它会变得有吸引力,出游的精神也会投入其中。于是,背包一背上肩,你残留的睡意就会顷刻全无,你立刻精神抖擞,大踏步地开始新的旅行。无疑,在所有的心绪中,选择道路时的那种心情是最好的。当然,如果他要继续考虑那些烦心事,如果他向阿布达的箱子敞开胸怀,与女巫同行的话,那么无论他身在哪里,无论疾走还是漫步,他都不会快乐。而且,这会给自己的人生带来多少遗憾啊!如果现在有30个人同时出发的话,我敢跟你打赌,在这30个人中,你不会找到一个脸色忧郁之人。这是一件很值得去做的事情。试想,一个夏日的清晨,这些旅者带着夜色,一个接一个地上路了。
他们当中有一个步调很快的人,他的目光中带着渴望,全神贯注于自己的思绪中,原来他正在自发机杼,字斟句酌,将山水秀景再现于文字。还有一个人,边走边凝视着草间;他在小河边停下,去看看那里飞舞的蜻蜓;他倾斜着身子依靠在茅屋门前,看不够那悠闲自得的黄羊群。另外有一个人,他说着、笑着,对自己比画地一路走来。随着眼中闪现的怒火和额上的阴云,他的脸色在不时地变化着。原来,他正在路边构思文稿,发表演说,进行着最激烈的会谈。再过一会儿,他极可能会引吭高歌。对他而言,假如在这方面不是很擅长,刚好又在拐角处碰上一个并不木讷的农民,我想不出还有什么比这更糟糕的情形,我实在不知道这位行吟诗人和那位农民谁更难受。久居室内的人通常不习惯去陌生的地方,也不能理解这些游客的乐趣所在。我认识一个人,他曾被指控为疯汉,因为尽管他已是一个长着红胡子的成年人,但是走起路来仍像孩子一样蹦蹦跳跳。如果我告诉你,很多学识渊博的学者都向我坦白:他们徒步出游的时候都会唱歌,而且唱得很难听。当他们遇到上面的情况——与一个不幸的农民相遇时,都会羞愧难当,你一定会很吃惊的。
心灵小语
徒步旅行,让我们欣赏更多更美更细致的风景。背上行囊,带上一颗向往远方的心,出发吧!
记忆填空
1. It is this that so few can understand; they will__ be always lounging or always at five miles an hour; they do not play off the one against the __, prepare all day for the evening, and all evening__ the next day.
2. And yet it soon acquires a property of easiness. It__ magnetic; the spirit of the__ enters into it.
3. His face__ from time to time, as indignation flashes from his eyes or__ clouds his forehead.
佳句翻译
1. 因此,快乐带来快乐,源源不断。
译__________________
2. 总之,他如同谚语中所说的那种人——走得越远越糟糕。
译__________________
3. 这种沉醉起始于思维的眩晕和停滞,最终进入一种超凡的平和境界。
译__________________
短语应用
1. In spite of canting dilettantes...
in spite of:不顾,不管
造__________________
2. In short, who goes farther and fares worse.
in short:总之,简言之
造__________________
找到另一座山
The Last Hill
弗朗西斯?拉塞尔 / Francis Russell
弗朗西斯?拉塞尔(1910—1989),美国史学家、传记作者、文学史家,所著《美国民族的成长》颇负盛名。
On this waning autumn afternoon the northern Maine landscape is tart, compelling, shadowed here and there by puffs of fair-weather cumulus, remnants of summer. Here, a dozen miles west of Waldoboro, I once spent my summers from the age of 12 to 14 at one of those Indian-named boys’ camps—more years ago than I like to think about.
I stand on the rise near what was once the baseball diamond. To my right is the black oak, several hundred years old, beside which we used to hold our Saturday night campfires. How many times on heat-heavy August days have I stood on this rise looking out over the wooded landscape toward the Camden hills? For me it was always a magical prospect, the austere countryside stretching away with the sharp definition of an 18th-century aquatint across hill and woodland to Mt. Battie outlined against the horizon. At our campfire evenings, when we gathered around the great oak just after sunset, Mount Battie without losing its definition would take on a blue luminosity.
Over the years a ragged second-growth of aspen and birch and speckled alder, at the far edge of the baseball diamond, has blotted out that view. Now there is nothing to see beneath the crystalline sky but the uneven tops of second-growth trees. Already the sky has begun to taken on the steelier tints of winter. Even Mt. Battie has disappeared.
On sultry afternoons, when the air quivered in the cool and fading light of early evening, I used to stand here by the old oak and look out across an interlude of scrub and swamp from which several miles away, a hill emerged. As a hill it was insignificant enough. Below its bare summit an abandoned pasture lay dotted with ground juniper and outcroppings of granite. Yet something about that hill drew me, beckoned to me, across the miles. I could not bear to take my eyes from it, I knew only that before summer ended I must go to it, make my way over the pasture, up and up past shrub and granite until I stood on the very summit. It was something I had to do. I could not explain why. I did not even ask myself.
Not that it was easy to get away from camp. Morning and afternoon, our activities were recorded in a counselor’ s notebook. We had to be swimming or rowing or playing tennis or baseball or practicing a track event or going off on nature walks or making some gadget in the carpentry shop—just so long as we did something. But to do nothing, to climb a hill for no reason, that was outside the rules, against the “camp spirit”.
Saturday afternoons, with their influx of parents and visitors, brought a certain relaxation, less accountability. On one such blue and vivid afternoon I slipped away to get to my hill. From the great oak, I could see its summit ahead of me, unknown, inviting. Inconspicuously, I edged along the baseball field, then slipped into the underbrush.
It was hard going, hard to keep a sense of direction in such a tangle of vine and thicket. I stumbled over rotten logs, stepped into anthills. Marsh hillocks gave way under my feet, dead branches snagged me, prickly seeds worked into my wet sneakers. The air was stagnant. With mosquitoes droning and hover-flies circling and darting, I plodded on, losing myself and losing track of time.
I must have been struggling on for at least an hour. Suddenly I came to a clearing, an open grove of ash and maple, and as the sunlight filtered through the leaves. I saw in front of me a cluster of ornate diminutive houses. Brightly painted in a variety of colors, trimmed with scrollwork and cusps and scalloped shingles, with narrow, high-pitched roofs, each was no more than an arm’ s length from the next, and all were empty. There was no sign of any living being.
To me, emerging from the wood, the sunlit grove was like something out of Grimm, as if this odd little village had been put under a spell and had been asleep for 100 years. A yellow house in front of me with a blue-latticed front porch could have been waiting for Hansel and Gretel. So quiet the grove was, so still the air, that even the aspen leaves hung limp. Blue and green dragonflies, poised in the air, added to the enchantment. Far off, I could hear the wich-wich-wich of a yellow warbler and a locust’ s somnolent buzz. Otherwise silence.
I went up on the porch of a pinktrimmed house and peered through the single window. What I saw was prosaic enough—a room with a couple of chairs, a table, a couch, a kerosene lamp. A ladder led upstairs to a sleeping loft. The grove was a mystery. Why were those little houses there? Why were they empty and yet at the same time cared for? Who owned them? It was eerie to see these miniatures huddled together against all that space. I half expected some guardian to come rushing out and ask me what I was doing there.
I suppose my enchanted village was some sort of camp meeting ground, used a few weeks each summer. I never did find out. On that afternoon I did not linger. The sun’ s rays were already slanting, the shadows longer, and my hill still lay ahead of me. Again I plunged into the underbrush, breaking through at last to a rutted road scored with puddles. But at the first turning I reached the foot of the hill, my hill, open and placed in the lengthened sunshine. Its thin meadow grass had turned brown, a stone wall that once enclosed the pasture had fallen apart, and velvety mullein leaves were thrusting up between the boulders. Up I went, over a granite ledge and across the meadow, trampling down hardhack and meadowsweet in my hurry to get to the top.
At last, under the sky’ s bowl, I stood at the crest breathless, the hill solid, tangible under my feet. So often I had seen it elusive in the distance. Now I was there. Yet even as I reached my goal, it began to slip away from me. Straight ahead, beyond more miles of woodland, I could see another hill, somewhat higher, somewhat longer, cows grazing placidly on its cleared slope a summit hinged with green. Mysterious, full of promise, it was a hill I should never reach. Yet, in my old longing, that was where I wished I might be, on that farther hill. But even as I looked at it. I sensed that beyond there would be another hill, and beyond that yet another, beyond Mt. Battie, beyond Maine, beyond the miles. Even if I kept going round the world there would always be another hill. And I knew then, suddenly and overwhelmingly, that one could never reach the last hill.
缅因州北部的秋天,景色迷人。当黄昏降临的时候,晴朗的天空飘着的云朵为大地投下片片浓阴,仿佛夏天还没有过去。缅因州位于沃尔多博拉以西12英里,在12岁到14岁的3年时间里,我每年都去那里度假,因为那里有几个以印第安语命名的男童夏令营。然而,我现在已经不愿常常回忆那些久远的往事了。
我站在曾经是棒球场的土丘上,它的右方是一片百年橡树林,我们曾常常在这片树林的附近举办篝火晚会。在酷热的8月,我曾多少次站在这座土丘上,遥望葱郁树林后面的康登山脉!那大片的原野一直伸向地平线轮廓清晰的巴蒂山,中途穿过小山和树林,好似18世纪时形象鲜明的铜版画。日暮时分,轮廓变得模糊的巴蒂山笼罩在一片蓝色的暮霭之中时,我们就围在老橡树四周举办篝火晚会。
许多年后,棒球场四周较远的地方又长出了许多高矮不等的白杨树、白桦树,还有长着斑点的桤木,这片树林挡住了视野,曾经种在那里的树木早已被砍伐了。在这片透明的天空下,我们现在已经看不见什么,除了那些参差不齐的树冠。巴蒂山已经消失在远方,天空也披上了一层寒冷的色彩。
在酷热的午后,当淡淡的暮色降临时,就会吹起凉爽的微风。在那时,我经常会站在那棵老橡树的旁边,眺望着灌木丛和沼泽另一头的一座小山,那座小山距离此处有几英里的路程。那是一座极其普通的小山,没有什么值得称道的地方。一座废弃的农场坐落在光秃秃的山顶下,野生杜松和露出地面的花岗岩星罗棋布。然而,那座小山具有的一种气息吸引了我,我感到它在几英里外向我挥手。我的视线无法从那座小山移开,我下定决心在夏天逝去之前一定要去那里看一看,穿过牧场,一直向前,绕过灌木丛和花岗岩,直到站在山顶上。我无法做出解释,甚至也没有听听自己的心声,然而这是我一定要做的事情。
离开营地是一件相当困难的事情。我们从早晨到下午的活动,全部记录在领队老师的笔记本上。按照计划,我们的活动内容是游泳、划船、打网球、打棒球、练习田径、野外远足或者去木工房做一些手工制品。如果毫无缘由地去爬山,什么活动都不参加,那就是有悖于“夏令营精神”的行为。
每逢星期六下午,我们就可以放松一下,因为这天总会有许多家长和游客来营地,所以我们就减少了活动内容。那是一个晴朗的星期六下午,我趁着这个机会溜出了营地,赶往那座小山。在老橡树下,我看到那座神秘的小山山顶就在眼前,它是如此的动人心弦。我尽量不引起别人的注意,一路走到了棒球场的边缘,随后溜进了灌木丛。
这条路很难走,也很容易迷失方向,杂草和藤蔓纠缠丛生。我时而被枯木绊倒,时而陷进蚁穴。一踏沼泽地的小丘,我的脚就往下陷,有时还被枯枝缠住,浸湿的运动鞋里也跑进了许多带刺的草籽。蚊子嗡嗡地叫嚣着,苍蝇盘旋乱撞。我迷失了方向,忘记了时间,只知道拖着沉重的脚步缓慢地前行。
我挣扎着走了至少一个小时,忽然,一片长着桉树和枫树的开阔地出现在我眼前,阳光从枝叶间射了进来。我看到前方有一排装潢华丽的小房子。这些房子漆着五颜六色的旋涡形和叶尖形图案,房顶又细又高,盖了一层扇贝形的木瓦。各所房子之间的距离超不过一臂的长度,所有的房间都是空的,没有人居住的痕迹。
这个被阳光照射的小树林,对我这个刚刚走出灌木丛的人来说,就像《格林童话》中的仙境一般。这座奇怪的小村庄似乎在咒语的控制下沉睡了一百多年。眼前这座小房子的前廊上有着蓝色的格子,好似在等待汉塞尔和格雷蒂勒的到来。小树林中没有一丝风,白杨树的叶子也软塌塌地垂着,整个林子显得非常安静。停在半空中的蓝蜻蜓和绿蜻蜓一动不动,这更增加了这里的神秘气息。远处,一只小黄鸟的鸣叫声和一只蝉催人打瞌睡的嗡嗡声传入耳中,不然真是寂静无声了。
我走上了一座用石竹花装饰的房子的前廊,透过一个独立的窗户向里面望去。整个房间就放着两把椅子、一张长桌子、一把躺椅以及一盏煤油灯,除此之外,就是一架通往阁楼卧室的梯子,这些都是很普通的家什。这真是谜一样的树林。那里为什么会有那些小房子?为什么空无一人的房间还有人来打理?房子的主人是谁呢?这片空地被这些袖珍小屋挤得满满当当的,恐惧笼罩了我,真希望突然跑出一个看门人,问我来这里做什么。
我始终没能破解这个谜,也许那是夏令营的活动之地,每年的夏天会使用几周。太阳光已经向西倾斜,把地上的影子拉得越来越长,那座小山还在我的前方。我再次钻进灌木丛,好不容易走上了一条崎岖的小路,刚拐过第一个路口,山脚就在我的面前。那渴望的小山向我张开了怀抱,霞光披在它的身上。当年牧场四周砌的石墙已经垮塌了,贫瘠的牧场草地变成了一片棕褐色,卵石的缝隙中钻出了毛蕊花叶,它看起来是那样的柔软。我开始攀登了,翻越了一块花岗岩,在穿过草地时还踩倒了许多绒毛绣线菊和珍珠花,迈着急切的步伐冲向了山顶。
最终,我上气不接下气地站在小山坚实的土地上,头顶就是蓝天,是的,小山就在我的脚下。曾经多少次,我站在远方遥望小山,现在,我终于来到了这里。然而,在我刚刚实现了目标后,它又从我的身旁无声无息地溜走了。在绵延几英里的森林地带的正前方,我发现了一座更高更长的山,山顶上绿意盎然,山坡是被开垦过的,几头牛正在那里静静地吃草。然而,我肯定无法再到那座山了,那真是一座神秘的山,令人憧憬。那才是我曾经渴望并真正想去的地方。然而,在我向那里注目观望时,意识告诉我,那后面肯定还有另一座山。巴蒂山以外,缅因州以外,甚至几英里以外的地方,都还会有山。即使不停歇地走遍全世界,我总会找到另一座山。就在那时,我恍然大悟,人是永远也不可能找到最后一座山的。
心灵小语
人生是有限的,然而人的追求、探索却是无止境的——你找到你的另一座山了吗?
记忆填空
1. For me it was always a magical__ , the austere countryside stretching away with the sharp definition of an 18th-century aquatint across__ and woodland to Mt. Battie outlined against the__ .
2. At our campfire evenings, when we__ around the great oak just after__ , Mount Battie without losing its definition would__ on a blue luminosity.
3. At last, under the sky’s bowl, I stood__ the crest breathless, the hill solid, tangible under my__ .
佳句翻译
1. 在酷热的午后,当淡淡的暮色降临时,就会吹起凉爽的微风。
译__________________
2. 离开营地是一件相当困难的事情。
译__________________
3. 一只小黄鸟的鸣叫声和一只蝉催人打瞌睡的嗡嗡声传入耳中,不然真是寂静无声了。
译__________________
短语应用
1. Brightly painted in a variety of colors, trimmed with scrollwork and cusps and scalloped shingles...
a variety of:各种各样,不同种类
造__________________
2. Practicing a track event or going off on nature walks.
go off:进行,走开,爆炸,开火,突然响起
造__________________
我们在旅途中
We Are on a Journey
亨利·凡·戴克 / Henry Van Dyke
亨利·凡·戴克(1852—1933),美国著名作家、教育家、牧师。
Wherever you are, and whoever you may be, there is one thing in which you and I are just alike at this moment, and in all the moments of our existence. We are not at rest; we are on a journey. Our life is a movement, a tendency, a steady, ceaseless progress towards an unseen goal. We are gaining something, or losing something, everyday. Even when our position and our character seem to remain precisely the same, they are changing. For the mere advance of time is a change. It is not the same thing to have a bare field in January and in July. The season makes the difference. The limitations that are childlike in the child are childish in the man.
Everything that we do is a step in one direction or another. Even the failure to do something is in itself a deed. It sets us forward or backward. The action of the negative pole of a magnetic needle is just as real as the action of the positive pole. To decline is to accept — the other alternative.
Are you nearer to your port today than you were yesterday? Yes,— you must be a little nearer to some port or other; for since your ship was first launched upon the sea of life, you have never been still for a single moment; the sea is too deep, you could not find an anchorage if you would; there can be no pause until you come into port.
不论你身处何地,也不论你是什么人,此刻,以及我们生命中的每时每刻,有一件事对你我来说是相同的:我们不是在休憩,而是在旅途中。我们的生活是一种运动、一种趋势,是向一个看不见的目标稳步前进。每一天,我们都会赢得某些东西,或者失去某些东西。甚至当我们的位置和我们的性格看起来跟以前完全相同时,它们事实上也在变化着,因为仅仅时间的流逝就是一种变化。对于一块荒地来说,在一月和七月是不同的,季节会制造差异。孩子身上的局限可说是孩子气,但在大人身上就是幼稚。
我们做的每一件事都是朝着一个或另一个方向前进的。甚至“没有做任何事情”这件事本身也是一种行为,它让我们前进或后退;一根磁针阴极和阳极作用都是一样真实的;拒绝也是一种接受——接受了另一种选择。
你今天比昨天更接近你的港口了吗?是的——你必须接近某一个港口或者另一个港口。自从你第一次被抛入生活之海,你的船连一分钟都没有静止过;海是如此之深,你也不可能找到一个抛锚的地方。于是,你不可能停下来,直到你驶入港口。
心灵小语
每时每刻,我们不是在休憩,而是在旅途中。
记忆填空
1. We are gaining something, or__ something, everyday. Even when our position and our character__ to remain precisely the same, they are__ .
2. It is not the same thing to have a bare field in__ and in July. The season makes the__ .
3. It sets us forward or__ . The action of the negative pole of a magnetic needle is just as real as the action of the positive__ .
佳句翻译
1. 我们的生活是一种运动、一种趋势,是向一个看不见的目标稳步前进。
译__________________
2. 每一天,我们都会赢得某些东西,或者失去某些东西。
译__________________
3. 我们做的每一件事都是朝着一个或另一个方向前进的。
译__________________
短语应用
1. We are not at rest.
at rest:休息中,处于静止状态
造__________________
2. The season makes the difference.
make the difference:区别对待,起(重要)作用,有影响
造__________________
自然
Nature
拉尔夫?沃尔多?爱默生 / Ralph Waldo Emerson
拉尔夫?沃尔多?爱默生(1803—1882),美国思想家、诗人和散文家。生于波士顿牧师家庭,毕业于波士顿拉丁学校和哈佛大学。21岁时成为神职人员,不久便对基督教产生怀疑,1832年辞职远游,遍访欧洲文化名人。曾经深入研究过荷马、柏拉图、但丁、蒙田和莎士比亚。代表作有《论自然》《美国学者》《神学院致辞》《散文选》和《诗集》等。
To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and what he touches. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these envoys of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile.
The stars awaken a certain reverence, because though always present, they are inaccessible; but all natural objects make a kindred impression, when the mind is open to their influence. Nature never wears a mean appearance. Neither does the wisest man extort her secret, and lose his curiosity by finding out all her perfection. Nature never became a toy to a wise spirit. The flowers, the animals, the mountains, reflected the wisdom of his best hour, as much as they had delighted the simplicity of his childhood. When we speak of nature in this manner, we have a distinct but most poetical sense in the mind. We mean the integrity of impression made by manifold natural objects. It is this which distinguishes the stick of timber of the wood-cutter, from the tree of the poet. The charming landscape which I saw this morning, is indubitably made up of some twenty or thirty farms. Miller owns this field, Locke that, and Manning the woodland beyond. But none of them owns the landscape. There is a property in the horizon which no man has but he whose eye can integrate all the parts, that is, the poet. This is the best part of these men’ s farms, yet to this their warranty-deeds give no title. To speak truly, few adult persons can see nature. Most persons do not see the sun. At least they have a very superficial seeing. The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and the heart of the child. The lover of nature is he whose inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other; who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood. His intercourse with heaven and earth, becomes part of his daily food. In the presence of nature, a wild delight runs through the man, in spite of real sorrows. Nature says, he is my creature, and maugre all his impertinent griefs, he shall be glad with me. Not the sun or the summer alone, but every hour and season yields its tribute of delight; for every hour and change corresponds to and authorizes a different state of the mind, from breathless noon to grimmest midnight. Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.
一个想要追求孤独的人,不但要离开自己的卧室,还要离开社会。在我阅读和写作之时,尽管无人相伴,可我没有觉得孤独。然而,假如有谁用尽心思追求孤独,那就让他抬头凝望星空吧。那来自天国的光芒,能在他和他生活的天地之间分出一条界限。你也许会认为,如此的构想简直太棒了:空旷辽阔的大地上,人们抬头仰视星空,仿佛从中领悟到某种崇高的永恒。从城市的街道看过去,那种场面的确令人恭敬!假设天上的星星一千年才出现一次,可想而知他们会对这上苍的显圣何等崇敬,又会如何仔细地将它收藏进记忆里流芳百世啊!只可惜,这些美的使者夜夜都会带着劝诫式的微笑降临,将光辉普照整个宇宙。
星星使我们心生敬畏,不是因为它常常高悬于空中,而是因为它的可望不可即。然而,只要拥有一颗包容的心,你就会发现世间万物和人类其实都是心灵相通的。自然从不把它吝啬的一面显露出来,顶尖聪明之人也不会强求打开它全部的奥秘,而会保留好奇之心去探寻它所有的完美之处。在智者看来,自然永远不会是一个玩物。鲜花、动物、山脉——折射出他们的纯真童年——也是他最高智慧的体现。当我们以这种方式来谈论自然时,头脑中自然会产生一种清晰而又极富诗意的画面,这种画面是世间万物在我们的印象中留下印迹的总和。也正是在这种印象的指引下,才会有伐木工手中的木头在诗人笔下却是大树的区别。今天早上我所看到的那一片令人陶醉的景色,毫无疑问它是由二三十个农场组成的。米勒占有这一块土地,洛克是那一片田野的主人,树林外面的那一片则归曼宁所有……可是,他们谁都不能拥有这片风景。
远处有一块土地,谁也不能将其划在自己的名下,唯有那个既能看见土地又看得见风景的人,才是它真正的主人,而诗人正符合这样的要求。这个地方是农场主所有财产中最值钱的一部分,但按照他们的担保契约却并不是这样。坦诚地讲,现在没有多少成年人能真正看得见自然了。大多数人都不看太阳,至少,只是肤浅地看。对成人而言,太阳只照亮了他们的眼睛,对孩子来说,太阳却照进了他们的眼睛与心灵。一个自然爱好者,他外在的知觉和内心的感触是相互协调的,甚至在他成年后,依然拥有一颗童心。在他看来,与天地的接触,是日常生活中不可分割的一部分,只要身处大自然中,不管生活中遭遇多大的悲痛,内心总会产生巨大的快乐。大自然说,他是我的杰作,不管他有多少没有缘由的悲伤,都会同我一起快乐。自然赋予给我们不仅仅是阳光、夏日、四季的变换,她每时每刻都在给予我们快乐与欣喜。这是因为,每一刻、每一个变化,不管是压抑的中午还是黑暗的午夜,都意味着一种别样的心情。在自然的舞台上,不仅能上演喜剧,也能烘托悲剧。
心灵小语
自然从不把它吝啬的一面显露出来,顶尖聪明之人也不会强求打开它全部的奥秘,而会保留好奇之心去探寻它所有的完美之处。
记忆填空
1. If the__ should appear one night in a thousand__ , how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many__ the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown!
2. Neither does the wisest man extort her secret, and__ his curiosity by finding out all her perfection.__ never became a toy to a wise spirit.
3. Most persons do not see the__ . At__ they have a very superficial seeing.
佳句翻译
1. 星星使我们心生敬畏,不是因为它常常高悬于空中,而是因为它的可望不可即。
译__________________
2. 对成人而言,太阳只照亮了他们的眼睛,对孩子来说,太阳却照进了他们的眼睛与心灵。
译__________________
3. 只要身处大自然中,不管生活中遭遇多大的悲痛,内心总会产生巨大的快乐。
译__________________
短语应用
1. When we speak of nature in this manner, we have a distinct but most poetical sense in the mind.
speak of:谈到,论及
造__________________
2. It is this which distinguishes the stick of timber of the wood-cutter, from the tree of the poet.
distinguish from:区别,辨别
造__________________
夜宿松林
A Night Among the Pines
罗伯特·路易斯?史蒂文森 / Robert Louis Stevenson
罗伯特·路易斯?史蒂文森(1850—1894),英国新浪漫主义小说家兼小品文作家,生于爱丁堡,毕业于爱丁堡大学法律系,但他最大的志向是在文学方面。他的第一部散文著作《内陆航行》于1878年出版。他一生被肺病困扰,周游各地养病,其间发表了大量短篇小说和游记。
A faint wind,more like a moving coolness than a stream of air, passed down the glade from time to time; so that even in my great chamber the air was being renewed all night long. I thought with horror of the inn at Chasserades and the congregated nightcaps; with horror of the nocturnal prowesses of clerks and students, of hot theatres and pass-keys and close rooms. I have not often enjoyed a more serene possession of myself, nor felt more independent of material aids. The outer world, from which we cower into our houses, seemed after all a gentle habitable place; and night after night a man’ s bed, it seemed, was laid and waiting for him in the fields, where God keeps an open house. I thought I had rediscovered one of those truths which are revealed to savages and hid from political economists: at the least, I had discovered a new pleasure for myself. And yet even while I was exulting in my solitude I became aware of a strange lack. I wished a companion to lie near me in the starlight, silent and not moving, but ever within touch. For there is a fellowship more quiet even than solitude, and which, rightly understood, is solitude made perfect. And to live out of doors with the woman a man loves is of all lives the most complete and free.
As I thus lay, between content and longing, a faint noise stole towards me through the pines. I thought, at first, it was the crowing of cocks or the barking of dogs at some very distant farm; but steadily and gradually it took articulate shape in my ears, until I became aware that a passenger was going by upon the highroad in the valley, and singing loudly as he went. There was more of good-will than grace in his performance; but he trolled with ample lungs; and the sound of his voice took hold upon the hillside and set the air shaking in the leafy glens. I have heard people passing by night in sleeping cities; some of them sang; one, I remember, played loudly on the bagpipes. I have heard the rattle of a cart or carriage spring up suddenly after hours of stillness, and pass, for some minutes, within the range of my hearing as I lay abed. There is a romance about all who are abroad in the black hours, and with something of a thrill we try to guess their business. But here the romance was double: first, this glad passenger, lit internally with wine, who sent up his voice in music through the night; and then I, on the other hand, buckled into my sack, and smoking alone in the pine-woods between four and five thousand feet towards the stars.
偶尔穿过林中空地,一缕微风袭来,我感到这不像是一股气流,倒更像一阵流动的凉意。由于这流动的凉意,即便在我这么宽敞的卧室里,空气整晚也都不停地流动。一想起切斯雷德的那个小旅馆和睡帽云集的场景,我便感到恐惧;我还害怕职员和学生们夜间吵闹的威力,害怕那热气熏天的剧院,害怕万能钥匙和密集的客房。我很少自己待在这般安详静谧的环境中,也很少超脱于物欲世界之外。屋外的世界——尽管我们从野外钻回各自的家——最终却还像个温暖舒适的住处;上帝在旷野中维护着一间敞开的房屋,一夜又一夜,铺好了床,期待着人们的光临。我想自己又体会到了一个真理,一个野蛮人知道但不为政治经济学家所知的真理:至少我找到了一种新的自我娱乐。然而在我兴高采烈地享受寂寞独处的同时,又感到一种莫名其妙的缺憾。在这星空下,我希望有位伴侣陪伴在我身边,默然相对。要知道,有一种相随,比孤独还要来得平静,如果正确地理解,那就是孤独创造完美。在各种各样的生活方式中,最完整、最自由的生活就是与自己心爱的女人在野外生活。
我静静地躺在地上,沉浸在满足和渴望之中。这时,隐约一阵声响从松林间传来。最初,我猜想是远处农庄的鸡鸣或犬吠。但这声音有规律地传入我的耳朵,最终我明白了,那是山谷公路上一个赶路人在高声歌唱。他唱歌不是为了显示他歌声的婉转,而是为了表露出内心的美好情感。他底气十足,声音嘹亮,歌声围着山梁,飘荡在草木茂盛的幽谷间。以前在城市里,我也曾在深夜时,听过人们路过的声音,记得其中一些人也唱歌,有个人把风笛吹得婉转动听。还有一次,我静静地躺在床上,在数小时的沉静后,不知是一辆马车还是大车忽然驶过,绝尘而去,隆隆的声音不绝于耳。懂得浪漫的人才会在黑夜里独自外出,出于兴奋好奇,我们常常去猜测他们的行踪。但这种浪漫有着双重含义:一方面是指这个欢快的夜行人,由于体内酒精燃烧的作用,在黑夜里引吭高歌;另一方面,是关于我自己,结结实实地把自己裹在睡袋里,在星空下四五千英尺的地方,我独自在松林里惬意地抽着烟。
心灵小语
有一种相随,比孤独来得平静,如果正确地理解,那就是孤独创造完美。懂得浪漫的人会在黑夜里独自外出,在夜里引吭高歌。
记忆填空
1. I have not often enjoyed a more serene possession of myself,__________
felt__ independent of material aids.
2. And yet even__ I was exulting in my solitude I became__ of a strange lack. I wished a companion to__ near me in the starlight, silent and not moving, but ever within touch.
3. I have heard people passing__ night in sleeping cities; some of them__ ; one, I remember, played loudly on the bagpipes.
佳句翻译
1. 要知道,有一种相随,比孤独还要来得平静,如果正确地理解,那就是孤独创造完美。
译__________________
2. 我静静地躺在地上,沉浸在满足和渴望之中。
译__________________
3. 懂得浪漫的人才会在黑夜里独自外出,出于兴奋好奇,我们常常去猜测他们的行踪。
译__________________
短语应用
1. A faint wind, more like a moving coolness than a stream of air,
passed down the glade from time to time; so that even in my great
chamber the air was being renewed all night long.
so that:为的是,以便
造__________________
2. At the least, I had discovered a new pleasure for myself.
at the least:至少,最少
造__________________
林湖重游
Once More to the Lake
埃尔文?布鲁克斯?怀特 / Elwyn Brooks White
埃尔文?布鲁克斯?怀特(1899—1985),美国著名散文家、评论家。生于纽约,毕业于康奈尔大学。曾任《纽约人》杂志的编辑和《哈帕斯》的专栏作家,在《纽约人》供职长达12年之久,他对《纽约人》的成功有着不可替代的贡献。同时,怀特在儿童读物的创作上也颇有建树,其代表作有《这就是纽约》。怀特的思想敏感独特,对生活的观察细致入微,文风朴实无华,尤其是一些游记性的文章,被广泛转载于大量课本与选本之中。其主要作品有散文集《拐角处的第二棵树》、诗集《冷漠的女士》等。
One summer, along about 1904, my father rented a camp on a lake in Maine and took us all there for the month of August. We all got ringworm from some kittens and had to rub Pond’ s Extract on our arms and legs night and morning, and my father rolled over in a canoe with all his clothes on; but outside of that the vacation was a success and from then on none of us ever thought there was any place in the world like that lake in Maine. We returned summer after summer — always on August 1st for one month. I have since become a salt-water man, but sometimes in summer there are days when the restlessness, of the tides and the fearful cold of the sea water and the incessant wind which blow across the afternoon and into the evening make me wish for the placidity of a lake in the woods. A few weeks ago this feeling got so strong I bought myself a couple of bass hooks and a spinner and returned to the lake where we used to go, for a week’ s fishing and to revisit old haunts.
I took along my son, who had never had any fresh water up his nose and who had seen lily pads only from train windows. On the journey over to the lake I began to wonder what it would be like. I wondered how time would have marred this unique, this holy spot — the coves and streams, the hills that the sun set behind, the camps and the paths behind the camps. I was sure the tarred road would have found it out and I wondered in what other ways it would be desolated. It is strange how much you can remember about places like that once you allow your mind to return into the grooves which lead back, you remember one thing, and that suddenly reminds you of another thing. I guess I remembered clearest of all the early mornings, when the lake was cool and motionless, remembered how the bedroom smelled of the lumber it was made of and of the wet woods whose scent entered through the screen. The partitions in the camp were thin and did not extend clear to the top of the rooms, and as I was always the first up I would dress softly so as not to wake the others, and slide out into the sweet outdoors and start out the canoe, keeping close along the shore in the long shadows of the pines. I remember being very careful never to rub my paddle against the gunwale for fear of disturbing the stillness of the cathedral.
The lake had never been what you would call a wild lake. There were cottages sprinkled around the shores, and it was in farming country although the shore of the lake were quite heavily wooded. Some of the cottages were owned by nearby farmers, and you would live at the shore and eat your meals at the farmhouse. That’ s what our family did. But although it wasn’ t wild, it was a fairly large and undisturbed lake and there were places in it which, to a child at least, seemed infinitely remote and primeval.
I was right about the tar: it led to within half a mile of the shore. But when I got back there, with my boy, and we settled into a camp near a farmhouse and into the kind of summertime I had known, I could tell that it was going to be pretty much the same as it had been before — I knew it, lying in bed the first morning, smelling the bedroom, and hearing the boy sneak quietly out and go off along the shore in a boat. I began to sustain the illusion that he was I, and therefore, by simple transposition, that I was my father. This sensation persisted, kept cropping up all the time we were there. It was not an entirely new feeing, but in this setting it grew much stronger. I seemed to be living a dual existence. I would be in the middle of some simple act, I would be picking up a bait box or laying down a table fork, or I would be saying something, and suddenly it would be not I but my father who was saying the words or making the gesture. It gave me a creepy sensation.
We went fishing the first morning, I felt the same damp moss covering the worms in the bait can, and saw the dragonfly alight on the tip of my rod as it hovered a few inches from the surface of the water, it was the arrival of this fly that convinced me beyond any doubt that everything was as it always had been, that the years were a mirage and there had been no years. The small waves were the same, chucking the rowboat under the chin as we fished at anchor, and the boat was the same boat, the same color green and the ribs broken in the same place, and under the floor, boards the same fresh-water leavings and debris-the dead hellgrammite, the wisps of moss, the rusty discarded fishhook, the dried blood from yesterday’ s catch. We stared silently at the tips of our rods, at the dragonflies that came and went. I lowered the tip of mine into the water, tentatively, pensively dislodging the fly, which darted two feet away, poised, darted two feet back, and came to rest again a little farther up the rod. There had been no years between the duckling of this dragonfly and the other one — the one that was past of memory. I looked at the boy, who was silently watching his fly, and it was my hands that held his rod, my eyes watching. I felt dizzy and didn’ t know which rod I was at the end of.
We caught two bass, hauling them in briskly as though they were mackerel, pulling them over the side of the boat in a businesslike manner without any landing net, and stunning them with a blow on the back of the head. When we got back for a swim before lunch, the lake was exactly where we had left it, the same number of inches from the dock, and there was only the merest suggestion of a breeze. This seemed an utterly enchanted sea, this lake you could leave to its own devices for a few hours and come back to, and find that it had not stirred, this constant and trustworthy body of water. In the shallows, the dark, water-soaked sticks and twigs, smooth and old, were undulating in clusters on the bottom against the clean ribbed sand, and the track of the mussel was plain. A school of minnows swam by, each minnow with its small individual shadow, doubling, the attendance, so clear and sharp in the sunlight. Some of the other campers were in swimming, along the shore, one of them with a cake of soap, and the water felt thin and clear and unsubstantial. Over the years there had been this person with the cake of soap, this cultist, and here he was. There had been no years.
Up to the farmhouse to dinner through the teeming, dusty field, the road under our sneakers was only a two-track road. The middle track was missing, the one with the marks of the hooves and the splotches of dried, flaky manure. There had always been three tracks to choose from in choosing which track to walk in, now the choice was narrowed down to two. For a moment I missed terribly the middle alternative. But the way led past the tennis court; and something about the way it lay there in the sun reassured me, the tape had loosened along the backline, the alleys were green with plantains and other weeds, and the net (installed in June and removed in September) sagged in the dry noon, and the whole place steamed with midday heat and hunger and emptiness. There was a choice of pie for dessert, and one was blueberry and one was apple, and the waitresses were the same country girls, there having been no passage of time, only the illusion of it as in a dropped curtain — the waitresses were still fifteen; their hair had been washed, that was the only difference — they had been to the movies and seen the pretty girls with the clean hair.
Summertime, oh summertime, pattern of life indelible, the fade-proof lake, the woods unshatterable, the pasture with the sweet fern and the juniper forever, and ever, summer without end; this was the background, and the life along the shore was the design, the cottagers with their innocent and tranquil design, their tiny docks with the flagpole and the American flag floating against the white clouds in the blue sky, the little paths over the roots of the trees leading from camp to camp and the paths leading back to the outhouses and the can of lime for sprinking, and at the souvenir counters at the store the miniature birch-bark canoes and the post cards that showed things looking a little better than they looked. This was the American family at play, escaping the city heat, wondering whether the newcomers in the camp at the head of the cove were “common” or “nice”, wondering whether it was true that the people who drove up for Sunday dinner at the farmhouse were turned away because there wasn’ t enough chicken.
It seemed to me, as I kept remembering all this, that those times and those summers had been infinitely precious and worth saving. There had been jollity and peace and goodness. The arriving(at the beginning of August) had been so big a business in itself, at the railway station the farm wagon drawn up, the first smell of the pine-laden air, the first glimpse of the smiling farmer, and the great importance of the trunks and your father’ s enormous authority in such matters, and the feel of the wagon under you for the long ten-mile haul, and at the top of the last long hill catching the first view of the lake after eleven months of not seeing this cherished body of water. The shouts and cries of the other campers when they saw you, and the trunks to be unpacked, to give up their rich burden. (Arriving was less exciting nowadays, when you sneaked up in your car and parked it under a tree near the camp and took out the bags and in five minutes it was all over, no fuss, no loud wonderful fuss about trunks.)
Peace and goodness and jollity. The only thing that was wrong now, really, was the sound of the place, an unfamiliar nervous sound of the outboard motors. This was the note that jarred, the one thing that would sometimes break the illusion and set the years moving. In those other summer times all motors were inboard; and when they were at a little distance, the noise they made was a sedative, an ingredient of summer sleep. They were one-cylinder and two-cylinder engines, and some were make-and-break and some were jump-spark, but they all made a sleepy sound across the lake. The one-cylinder throbbed and fluttered, and the twin-cylinder ones purred and purred, and that was a quiet sound too. But now the campers all had outboards. In the daytime, in the hot mornings, these motors made a petulant, irritable sound; at night, in the still evening when the afterglow lit the water, they whined about one’ s ears like mosquitoes. My boy loved our rented outboard, and his great desire was to achieve single handed mastery over it, and authority, and he soon learned the trick of choking it a little (but not too much), and the adjustment of the needle valve. Watching him I would remember the things you could do with the old one-cylinder engine with the heavy flywheel, how you could have it eating out of your hand if you got really close to it spiritually. Motor boats in those days didn’ t have clutches, and you would make a landing by shutting off the motor at the proper time and coasting in with a dead rudder. But there was a way of reversing them, if you learned the trick, by cutting the switch and putting it on again exactly on the final dying revolution of the flywheel, so that it would kick back against compression and begin reversing. Approaching a dock in a strong following breeze, it was difficult to slow up sufficiently by the ordinary coasting method, and if a boy felt he had complete mastery over his motor, he was tempted to keep it running beyond its time and then reverse it a few feet from the dock. It took a cool nerve. Because if you threw the switch a twentieth of a second too soon you would catch the flywheel when it still had speed enough to go up past center, and the boat would leap ahead, charging bull-fashion at the dock.
大约在1904年的夏季,我父亲在缅因州的一个湖畔租了一间临时住房,把我们都带去了。整个8月,我们都是在那里度过的。我们从一些小猫身上传染了金钱癣,一天到晚不得不在胳膊和腿上都擦满旁氏冷霜;还有一次,我父亲从船上掉入水中,当时他穿着西装革履。不过除了这些,我们度过了一个愉快的假期。从那时起,我们大家都公认缅因州的这个湖是世上无与伦比的地方。连续几个夏天,我们都在那里度过——通常8月1日到达,整个8月都待在那。再后来,我爱上了海滨生活。但是在夏季的有些日子,海浪汹涌不息,海水冰凉刺骨,海风从上午到下午吹个不停,这一切让我很是渴望山林中小湖边的清静。几周以前,这种情形愈加强烈。于是,我买了两根鲈鱼钓竿和一些诱饵,重新回到以前我们常去的那个湖畔,故地重游,钓一个星期的鱼。
我是带着我儿子一起去的。他从没有游过淡水湖,只是透过火车上的玻璃窗看见过漂浮在水面上的莲叶。在驶向湖畔的路上,我开始想象它现在的样子。我猜测岁月会把这片独一无二的圣地破坏成怎样一副模样——那里的海湾和小溪、笼罩在落日里的山峦,还有宿营的小屋和屋后的小路。我相信这条柏油马路已经给了我答案,我还在想象其他哪些地方也被破坏了。很奇怪,一旦你任由思绪回归往日,很多旧地的记忆就会被重新唤醒。你记起了一件事情,就会联想起另一件事情。我想我记得最清楚的是那些爽朗的清晨:清凉的湖水,平静的湖面,卧室里弥漫着木屋的清香,屋子外面,湿润的树林散发的芳香穿透房间的墙板,依稀可嗅。木屋的隔板很薄,而且离房顶有一段距离。我总是第一个起床,为了不吵醒别人,我蹑手蹑脚地穿好衣服,悄悄地溜出屋来。外面一片馥郁芬芳,我坐上小船出发,沿着湖岸,在一条长长的松树阴影里划过。我记得当时我总是很谨慎,从来不让我的桨与船舷的上缘碰在一起,以免打破教堂的宁静。
这个湖绝不是人们所说的那种荒郊野湖。一些村舍零星地坐落在湖岸边上,尽管湖边都是茂密的树木,但这里还是农区。有些村舍是附近农家的,你可以住在湖边,到农舍里用餐——我们一家就是这样。不过,这个湖并不显得荒凉,它相当大且不受外界干扰。至少对于一个孩子来说,有些地方确实太过于沉静,而且有点儿原始的味道。
我对柏油马路的猜测是正确的,它把我们带到了离岸边只有半英里的地方。我带着儿子又回到了这里,当我们安顿在一家农舍附近的木屋后,又重新感受到了我所熟悉的那种夏日时光,我知道这一切都和原来一样——我对这一点坚信不疑。第一天早上,我躺在床上,闻着卧室里的清香,听见我儿子悄悄地溜出房门,乘上一条小船沿着湖岸划去。我突然产生一种错觉,他就是我,而根据最简单的推移法,我就是我父亲了。在那些日子里,这种感觉一直存在,并且反复地在出现在我头脑中。这种感觉并不是前所未有,但在这个地方,它却变得越来越强烈:我过的似乎是一种双重生活。有时我做一些简单的活动,比方说捡起一个装鱼饵的盒子,或者放下一只餐叉,又或是在说什么话的当儿,就突然有种感觉,好像说话的人或者摆着某个姿势的人不是我,而是我父亲——这真让我不寒而栗。
第一天早上,我们一起去钓鱼。我感觉那些与昔日同样潮湿的苔藓覆盖着罐子里的鱼饵,蜻蜓在离水面几英寸的地方盘旋,接着便落在了我的钓竿头上。正是这只蜻蜓的到来使我更加坚信,所有这一切都和过去一样。岁月就像海市蜃楼一样,似乎从来没有存在过。湖面上一如既往地荡漾着微波,在我们暂停垂钓时轻轻地拍打着船头钩;小船还是旧时的那只,同样的绿色,在同样的位置,有同样的一根肋材断裂了;同样有些淡水中的残渣遗骸停留在船板底下——死了的巨角鱼蛉,一团团的苔藓,被人抛弃的生锈的钓鱼钩,还有前一天捕鱼时留在那里已经干了的斑斑血迹。我们静静地注视着钓竿的顶头,注视着那些来回飞舞的蜻蜓。我把自己钓竿的顶端伸进水中,试探着不声不响地把蜻蜓赶走。它迅速地飞离了大约两英尺,平衡了一下身体,然后又飞回两英尺,重新停在钓竿上,不过位置高了一点点。在我的记忆中,这只蜻蜓躲闪的样子和曾经的一只一样,在它们中间没有岁月的间隔。我看了看身边的儿子,他静静地凝视着自己钓竿上的蜻蜓;突然间,他那握住钓竿的手仿佛是我的手,而他注视着蜻蜓的眼睛仿佛是我的眼睛。我感到一阵眩晕,不知道自己手握着哪根钓竿的一端。
我们钓到了两条鲈鱼,像扯鲐鱼似的轻快地把它们扯上来,也没有用任何渔网,就这样有条不紊地把它们从船舷上拖进了船舱,然后猛击一下鱼的脑袋,把它们打晕。午饭前我们又到湖里游了一次泳,湖水和我们刚才离开时没有什么两样,你仍然可以站在离码头只有几英寸的地方,也只有一点点微风轻拂过的痕迹。这片湖水好像被施了魔法的大海一样,在你离开的几个小时里,它可以随心所欲,回来却发现它丝毫没有改变,真可以称得上忠心耿耿,值得信赖。在水浅的地方,有一些黝黑光滑的枯枝浸泡在水里,它们一丛丛地在湖底。那些干净的呈波纹状的沙石上随波起伏,而贻贝的痕迹也清晰可见。一群小鲤鱼从这里游过,每一条都投下自己的影子,数量立刻就增加了一倍,在阳光下十分清晰鲜明。有一些游客正沿着湖岸游泳,其中有一个人带了一块香皂。湖水清澈透明,差不多让人感觉不到它的存在。很多年前,这个带香皂洗浴的人就在这里了,这是一个对湖畔热心崇拜的人,如今他依然在这里。这里的岁月似乎静止未动。
我们穿过了一片繁茂而且弥漫着灰尘的田野到农舍去吃午饭。脚下这条小路有两条路痕,原来位于中间的那一条没有了,那上面曾经布满了马蹄印和一团团干巴巴的污粪的痕迹。以前,这里一直有3条小路可以供人们选择,现在却只剩两条了。有一段时间,我根本找不到中间的那条路。不过,当我们到达网球场附近时,看见了阳光下的某些东西,让我重新确定它曾经确实存在。球场底线旁边的带子已经松懈下垂了,葱绿的车前草和其他杂草在球道上滋生横行;球网(6月份挂上,9月份摘下)在这个闷热的中午也耷拉着;整个球场都弥漫着酷暑正午滚滚的热气,让人感到饥饿、空乏。饭后的甜点可以自己选择,蓝莓饼或是苹果饼。服务生同样是些乡村少女,这里似乎不存在时间的流逝,有的只是舞台幕帘降落时带给人们的幻觉——这些侍女依然只是15岁。她们的头发洗得干干净净,这是唯一改变了的地方——她们看过电影,见过那些有着干净头发的漂亮姑娘。
夏季呀夏季,永恒不变的生活方式,湖水永远不褪色,树木永远不可摧毁,草地上总是长满了香蕨和杜松。夏日的时光永无尽头,这些都是背景,而湖滨沿岸的生活就是其中美妙的图案。村子里的农民们过着恬静的生活;他们小小的码头上立着旗杆,美国国旗在镶嵌着白云的蓝天里飘扬,每棵树下都有一条小径通向一座座木屋,木屋处又有小径通往厕所和洒水用的石灰罐;商店里纪念品的柜台上,摆放着用桦树皮制作的独木船的模型,而明信片上的景物也比眼前的真实景物美丽多了。在这里,美国人逃避了城市的酷热喧闹,到这个地方游玩。他们不知道那些新来的住在海湾尽头的居民是“普通老百姓”还是“贵族”,也不知道那些星期天驱车前来农舍吃饭的人,是不是被分量不足的鸡肉打发走了。
我不停地回忆这一切,感觉那些日子和那些夏日时光的回忆对我而言都是珍贵无比、值得永远珍藏的。那里有快乐,有宁静,还有所有美好的事情。能够在8月初就到达那里,这本身就是最重要的:农场的货车停在火车站外,这时又第一回闻到松木散发出的清香,第一回见到农民笑容满面的脸庞,宽大的旅行箱气派极了,而父亲在指挥这些事情时显出绝对的权威性;你坐在货车上,享受它拉着你走上10英里的感觉,当到达最后一座小山顶时,一眼就能看见那阔别了11个月之久的、无比宝贵的一片湖水;其他游客为你的到来大声欢呼。然后打开大旅行箱,卸下里面准备齐全的物品。(如今再到这里来,已经找不到昔日激动人心的场面了。你所需要做的只是静静地把车开过来,停在木屋旁的树底下,取出行李袋,把一切东西在5分钟内收拾完毕,不会有大声的喧闹,也不会忙着喊着搬行李了。)
这里宁静、美好、快乐,唯一不足的地方是有噪音,也就是舷外马达发出的让人感觉陌生又紧张的声音。这是一个很不和谐的音符,它会经常打断人们的想象,让时光流逝。在以往的夏天,全部的马达都装在舷内,当它们行驶在稍微远一点儿的地方时,发出的声音能像镇静剂那样,在夏季里催人入睡。这些发动机都是单汽缸或者双汽缸的,无论是通断开关启动,还是跳搭接触点火,它们在从水面上发出的声音都能让人昏昏欲睡。单汽缸发出的振动声噗噗作响,而双汽缸则呜呜地低鸣,这些声音都很小。但是,现在所有的游客使用的都是舷外马达,在白天酷热的上午发出一种烦躁的让人讨厌的声音;而到了晚上,夕阳的余晖铺洒在水面上,它们又像蚊子似的哼个不停。我儿子很喜欢我们租来的带舷外马达的游艇,而他最大的愿望就是自个儿操纵它,这让他觉得很有权威性。
很快,他就学会稍微控制住它一点儿(不是很多),而且掌握了如何调整针形阀。看着他,我不由得想到过去的时候,人们怎样用笨重的调速轮操纵单汽缸发动机,如果你真正用心去做,很快就能控制住它。以前的机动船没有离合器,必须在准确的时间里关掉发动机才能登陆,然后用已经熄火的舵把船停靠在岸边。不过,如果你掌握了窍门,可以先关掉开关,在调速轮就要停转的那一刻重新把开关打开,船就会对压缩产生反冲力,接着又向回行驶。如果在靠近码头时正好吹过来一阵强风,用普通的方法很难把船速降到必需的程度。一个男孩如果觉得自己已经掌握了控制马达的技巧,他将会按捺不住地要把船开过码头,然后把它退到离码头几英尺远的地方。这样做需要头脑冷静沉着,因为哪怕你只提前了1/20秒就把开关打开了,它就会以足够快的速度穿越中线,船就会猛然向前一跃,像公牛一样冲向码头。
心灵小语
宁静以致远!深邃的湖水总是有股魔力,让繁华中忙碌的我们静下心来。享受这分宁静,远离尘世的喧嚣,感觉比在天堂还要美好!
记忆填空
1. A few weeks ago this feeling got so__ I bought myself a couple of bass hooks and a spinner and returned to the__ where we used to go, for a week’s__ and to revisit old haunts.
2. It is strange how__ you can remember about places like that once you allow your mind to return into the grooves which lead back, you remember one__ , and that suddenly reminds you of another thing.
3. The__ thing that was wrong now, really, was the__ of the place, an unfamiliar nervous sound of the outboard motors.
佳句翻译
1. 岁月就像海市蜃楼一样,似乎从来没有存在过。
译__________________
2. 我不停地回忆这一切,感觉那些日子和那些夏日时光的回忆对我而言都是无比珍贵、值得永远珍藏的。
译__________________
短语应用
1. But outside of that the vacation was a success and from then on none of us ever thought there was any place in the world like that lake in Maine.
from then on:从那时起
造__________________
2. The shouts and cries of the other campers when they saw you, and the trunks to be unpacked, to give up their rich burden.
give up:放弃,投降
造__________________
黄金国
El Dorado
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 / Robert Louis Stevenson
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森(1850—1894),英国新浪漫主义小说家兼小品文作家,生于爱丁堡,毕业于爱丁堡大学法律系,但他最大的志向是在文学方面。他的第一部散文著作《内陆航行》于1878年出版。他一生被肺病困扰,周游各地养病,其间发表了大量短篇小说和游记。
It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so many marriages and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and dispatch, stow a portion of victuals finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. And it would seem also, on a hasty view, that the attainment of as much as possible was the one goal of man’ s contentious life. And yet, as regards the spirit, this is but a semblance. We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have. An aspiration is a joy forever, a possession as solid as a landed estate, a fortune which we can never exhaust and which gives us year by year a revenue of pleasurable activity. To have many of these is to be spiritually rich. To those who have neither art nor science, the world is a mere arrangement of colors, or a rough footway where they may very well break their shins. It is in virtue of his own desires and curiosities that any man continues to exist with even patience, that he is charmed by the look of things and people, and that he wakens every morning with a renewed appetite for work and pleasure. Desire and curiosity are the two eyes through which he sees the world in the most enchanted colors: it is they that make women beautiful or fossils interesting: and the man may squander his estate and come to beggary, but if he keeps these two amulets he is still rich in the possibilities of pleasure. Suppose he could take one meal so compact and comprehensive that he should never hunger any more; suppose him, at a glance, to take in all the features of the world and allay the desire for knowledge; suppose him to do the like in any province of experience—would not that man be in a poor way for amusement ever after?
One who goes touring on foot with a single volume in his knapsack reads with circumspection, pausing often to reflect, and often laying the book down to contemplate the landscape or the prints in the inn parlour; for he fears to come to an end of his entertainment, and be left companionless on the last stages of his journey. A young fellow recently finished the works of Thomas Carlyle, winding up, if we remember aright with the ten note-books upon Frederick the Great. “What!” cried the young fellow, in consternation, “Is there not more Carlyle? Am I left to the daily papers?” A more celebrated instance is that of Alexander, who wept bitterly because he had no mere worlds to subdue. And when Gibbon had finished the Decline and Fall, he had only a few moments of joy; and it was with a “sober melancholy” that he parted from his labours.
Happily we all shoot at the moon with ineffectual arrows; our hopes are set on inaccessible El Dorado; we come to an end of nothing here below. Interests are only plucked up to sow themselves again, like mustard. You would think, when the child was born, there would be an end to trouble; and yet it is only the beginning of fresh anxieties; and when you have seen it through its teething and its education, and at last its marriage, alas! It is only to have new fears, new quivering sensibilities, with every day; and the health of your children’ s children grows as touching a concern as that of your own. Again, when you have married your wife, you would think you were got upon a hilltop, and might begin to go downward by an easy slope. But you have only ended courting to begin marriage. Falling in love and winning love are often difficult tasks to overbearing and rebellious spirits; but to keep in love is also a business of some importance, to which both man and wife must bring kindness and goodwill. The true love story commences at the altar, when there lies before the married pair a most beautiful contest of wisdom and generosity, and a lifelong struggle towards an unattainable ideal. Unattainable? Ay, surely unattainable, from the very fact that they are two instead of one.
“Of making books there is no end,” complained the Preacher, and did not perceive how highly he was praising letters as an occupation. There is no end. Indeed, to making books or experiments, or to travel, or to gathering wealth. Problem gives rise to problem. We may study forever, and we are never as learned as we would. We have never made a statue worthy of our dreams. And when we have discovered a continent, or crossed a chain of mountains, it is only to find another ocean or another plain upon the further side. In the infinite universe there is room for our swiftest diligence and to spare. It is not like the works of Carlyle, which can be read to an end. Even in a corner of it, in a private park, or in the neighborhood of a single hamlet, the weather and the seasons keep so deftly changing that although we walk there for a lifetime there will be always something new to startle and delight us.
There is only one wish realizable on the earth; only one thing that can be perfectly attained: Death. And from a variety of circumstances we have no one to tell us whether it be worth attaining.
A strange picture we make on our way to our chimaeras, ceaselessly marching, grudging ourselves the time for rest; indefatigable, adventurous pioneers. It is true that we shall never reach the goal; it is even more than probable that there is no such place; and if we lived for centuries and were endowed with the powers of a god, we should find ourselves not much nearer what we wanted at the end. O, toiling hands of mortals! O, unwearied feet, traveling ye know not whither! Soon, soon, it seems to you, you must come forth on some conspicuous hilltop, and but a little way further, against the setting sun, descry the spires of El Dorado. Little do ye know your own blessedness; for to travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive, and the true success is to labour.
人活一世,渴望得到的东西好像很多:不胜枚举的婚姻和决战等;无论身居何方,每天固定的时刻,我们都不可避免地将一份食物津津有味并且迅速地吞入腹中。粗看一下,倾尽所能去获取就是人纷扰一生唯一的目的。然而从精神层面上说,这只是一个假象。如果我们生活幸福,就如登梯,步步高升,没有终结。眼光长远的人,天地自然宽。虽然我们蜗居在这颗小行星上,整日为琐事而忙,生命短暂,但我们生来就心比天高,生命不息,奋斗不止。真正的幸福就在于怎样开始而不是怎样结束,是想拥有什么,而不是得到了什么。
渴望是一种永恒的幸福,它是一笔财富,犹如房地产一样踏实,用之不竭、年年受益、幸福一生。精神的富有和这些渴望是成正比的。对于既没有艺术细胞也没有科学细胞的人们而言,世界只是颜色的混合体,或者是一条崎岖的小路,一不小心就会摔伤小腿。正是这些渴望和好奇,吸引人们充满耐心地生活着,形形色色的人和物吸引着你我,促使我们每天醒来可以兴致盎然地工作和娱乐。渴望和好奇是人们打量这个五彩世界的一双眼睛:女人因它而美丽,化石因它而有趣。只要有这两道护身符,即使这个人挥霍无度沦为乞丐,他仍能笑口常开。假设一个人一顿饭吃得紧凑而丰盛,他将不会再饿;假设他把这世间万象看了个明明白白,便不再有求知欲;假设他在每个经验领域中都如此——你觉得他的人生还有乐趣吗?
一个徒步旅行的人,随身只带了一本书,他会精心研读,不时地思考一下,还会合上书本凝视风景或者玩赏小酒馆雅间中的画。他害怕书读完了,乐趣也随着消失,剩下的旅程将无以为藉。最近一个年轻人拜读完托马斯?卡莱尔的著作。如果我没记错的话,他把有关腓特列大帝的笔记整整做了10本。“什么?”这个年轻人惊讶地叫道:“卡莱尔的书都看完了?那我只能天天看报纸了?”最典型的例子是亚历山大,因为已无国家供他征服,他号啕大哭。吉本写完《罗马帝国衰亡史》时也只兴奋了一会,他便带着一种“清醒而又悲凉的心情”与以往的劳动果实辞别。
我们高兴地把箭射向月亮,却总是毫无效果;我们总是将希望寄托在遥不可及的黄金国上,我们好像什么也没完成。就像芥菜一样,兴趣的收获只是为了下次的耕种。你会想当然地以为孩子出生了,什么麻烦都没了,其实这只是新麻烦的开始。你看着他长大,入学,结婚生子,唉!每天都有新问题、新的感情撞击,你孙儿辈的健康将像你的健康一样牵动着你的心。当你步入婚姻殿堂时,你认为已经到顶了,可以轻松地往下走了。但这只是恋爱的终结,婚姻的开始。对于桀骜不驯或者反叛的人来说,坠入爱河和获得爱情都很困难,但维持爱情也很重要,夫妻之间应该相敬如宾。真正的爱情故事从圣坛开始,在每对夫妇面前都有一场关于智慧和慷慨的壮观竞争,他们要为不可能实现的理想终生奋斗。不可能?啊,当然不可能,因为他们不是一个人,而是两个人。
传道者哀叹“著书无止境”,却没有觉察到它已高度评价了作家这一职业。确实,世界上有很多事是无止境的,例如著书立说、旅行、试验、获取财富等。一个问题会引发另一问题。我们必须活到老学到老,我们的学习永远得不到满足。我们从未雕刻出符合我们梦想的塑像。我们发现一个新大陆,翻过一座山脉时,总会看到远方还有未曾涉足的海洋和大陆。宇宙浩渺,不像卡莱尔的著作可以读完。即使在其一角,一个私人花园,一个农庄附近,尽管在那里生活一辈子,天气和季节的无常变化也令我们有常看常新的感觉。
世界上只有一种愿望可以实现,也仅有一种事物绝对能得到,那就是死亡。死的方式很多,但没有人知道是否能死得其所。
当我们不作休息,不停地走向幻想时,一幅奇异的画面展现出来:不知疲倦、勇于冒险的先锋。是的,我们永远不会达到目标,甚至目的地根本就不存在。即使活上几百年,具有神的力量,我们也会觉得没有接近目标多少。啊,辛苦的双手!啊,不知疲倦的双脚,并不知道走向何方!你总是觉得,一定能登上某个光辉的山顶,在夕阳下,看到不远的前方黄金国那尖尖的塔。你是处于幸福当中却没有察觉,奋斗胜过得到,真正的成功就是奋斗。
心灵小语
未读完的诗,未看完的电影,未尝够的美食,未踏遍的地图……“未完成”令生活总有一种向前的引力,使我们饶有兴趣地期盼明天。
记忆填空
1. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we__ , of what we want and not of what we__ .
2. Happily we all shoot at the__ with ineffectual arrows; our hopes are set on inaccessible El Dorado; we come to an__ of nothing here below.
3. There is only one__ realizable on the earth; only one thing that can be perfectly attained:__ .
佳句翻译
1. 真正的幸福就在于怎样开始而不是怎样结束,是想拥有什么,而不是得到了什么。
译__________________
2. 渴望和好奇是人们打量这个五彩世界的一双眼睛。
译__________________
3. 最典型的例子是亚历山大,因为已无国家供他征服,他号啕大哭。
译__________________
短语应用
1. And yet, as regards the spirit, this is but a semblance.
as regards:至于;关于
造__________________
2. It is in virtue of his own desires and curiosities that any man continues to exist with even patience...
in virtue of:凭借;由于
造__________________
论出游
On Going a Journey
威廉·哈兹里特 / William Hazlitt
威廉·哈兹里特(1778—1830),英国散文家、评论家、画家。他曾从事过绘画,但是在柯尔雷基的鼓励下写出《论人的行为准则》,随后又写了更多的散文作品。1812年在伦敦当记者,并为《爱丁堡评论》撰稿。从其作品来看,他热衷争论,擅长撰写警句,谩骂和讽刺性的文字。他最著名的散文集是《席间闲谈》和《时代精神》。
One of the pleasantest things in the world is going a journey; but I like to go by myself. I can enjoy society in a room; but out of doors, nature is company enough for me. I am then never less alone than when alone.
“The fields his study, nature was his book.”
I cannot see the wit of walking and talking at the same time. When I am in the country I wish to vegetate like the country. I am not for criticizing hedge-rows and black cattle. I go out of town in order to forget the town and all that is in it. There are those who for this purpose go to watering-places, and carry the metropolis with them. I like more elbowroom and fewer incumbrance. I like solitude, when I give myself up to it, for the sake of solitude; nor do I ask for “a friend in my retreat, whom I may whisper solitude is sweet”.
The soul of a journey is liberty, perfect liberty, to think, feel, do, just as one pleases. We go a journey chiefly to be free of all impediments and of all inconveniences; to leave ourselves behind, much more to get rid of others. It is because I want a little breathing-space to muse on indifferent matters, where Contemplation “May plume her feathers and let grow her wings, That in the various bustle of resort Were all too ruffled, and sometimes impaired,” that I absent myself from the town for a while, without feeling at a loss the moment I am left by myself. Instead of a friend in a post-chaise or in a Tilbury, to exchange good things with, and vary the same stale topics over again, for once let me have a truce with impertinence. Give me the clear blue sky over my head, and the green turf beneath my feet, a winding road before me, and three hours’ march to dinner—and then to thinking! It is hard if I cannot start some game on these lone heaths. I laugh, I run, I leap, I sing for joy. From the point of yonder rolling cloud I plunge into my past being, and revel there, as the sun-burnt Indian plunges headlong into the wave that wafts him to his native shore. Then long-forgotten things, like “sunken wrack and sunless treasuries,” burst upon my eager sight, and I begin to feel, think, and be myself again. Instead of an awkward silence, broken by attempts at wit or dull common-places mine is that undisturbed silence of the heart which alone is prefect eloquence. No one likes puns, alliterations, antitheses, argument, and analysis better than I do; but I sometimes had rather be without them.“ Leave, oh, leave me to my repose!” I have just now other business in hand, which would seem idle to you, but is with me “very stuff of the conscience.” Is not this wild rose sweet without a comment? Does not this daisy leap to my heart set in its coat of emerald? Yet if I were to explain to you the circumstance that has so endeared it to me, you would only smile. Had I not better then keep it to myself, and let it serve me to brood over, from here to yonder craggy point, and from thence onward to the far-distant horizon? I should be but bad company all that way, and therefore prefer being alone. I have heard it said that you may, when the moody fit comes on, walk or ride on by yourself, and indulge your receives. But this looks like a breach of manners, a neglect of others, and you are thinking all the time that you ought to rejoin your party. “Out upon such half-faced fellowship,” say I . I like to be either entirely to myself, or entirely at the disposal of others; to talk or be silent, to walk or sit still, to be sociable or solitary. I was pleased with an observation of Mr.Cobbett’ s, that he thought“ it a bad French custom to drink our wine with our meals, and that an Englishman ought to do only one thing at a time.” So I cannot talk and think, or indulge in melancholy musing and lively conversation by fits and starts.
“Let me have a companion of my way,”says Sterne, “Were it but to remark how the shadows lengthen as the sun declines.” It is beautifully said; but, in my opinion, this continual comparing of notes interferes with the involuntary impression of things upon the mind, and hurts the sentiment. If you only hint what you feel in a kind of dumb show, it is insipid; if you have to explain it, it is making a toil of a pleasure. You cannot read the book of nature without being perpetually put to the trouble of translating it for the benefit of others. I am for this synthetical method on a journey in preference to the analytical. I am content to lay in a stock of ideas then, and to examine and anatomise them afterwards. I want to see my vague notions float like the down of the thistle before the breeze, and not to have them entangled in the briars and thorns of controversy. For once, I like to have it all my own way; and this is impossible unless you are alone, or in such company as I do not covet. I have no objection to argue a point with any one for twenty miles of measured road, but not for pleasure. If you remark the scent of a bean field crossing the road, perhaps your fellow-traveller has no smell. If you point to a distant object, perhaps he is shortsighted, and has to take out his glass to look at it. There is a feeling in the air, a tone in the color of a cloud, which hits your fancy, but the effect of which you are unable to account for. There is then no sympathy, but an uneasy carving after it, and a dissatisfaction which pursues you on the way, and in the end probably produces ill-humor. Now I never quarrel with myself, and take all my own conclusions for granted till I find it necessary to defend then against objections.
It is not merely that you may not be of accord on the objects and circumstances that present themselves before you—these may recall a number of objects, and lead to associations too delicate and refined to be possibly communicated to others. Yet these I love to cherish, and sometimes still fondly clutch them, when I can escape from the throng to do so. To give way to our feeling before company seems extravagance or affectation; and on the other hand, to have to unravel this mystery of our being at every turn, and to make others take an equal interest in it (otherwise the end is not answered), is a task to which few are competent. We must “give it an understanding, but no tongue.” My old friend Coleridge, however, could do both. He could go on in the most delightful explanatory way over hill and dale a summer’ s day and convert a landscape into a didactic poem or a Pindaric ode. “He talked far above singing.” If I could so clothe my ideas in sounding and flowing words, I might perhaps wish to have some one with me to admire the swelling theme; or I could be more content, were it possible for me still to hear his echoing voice in the woods of All-Fox-den. They had “that fine madness in them which our first poets had ”; and if they could have been caught by some rare instrument, would have breathed such stains as the following:
“Here be woods as green
As any, air likewise as fresh and sweet
As when smooth Zephyrus plays on the fleet
Face of the curled streams, with flowers’ as many
As the young spring gives, and as choice as any;
Here be all new delights, cool stream and wells,
Arbours o’ ergrown with woodbine, caves and dells;
Choose where thou wilt, whilst I sit by and sing,
Or gather rushes to make many a ring,
For the long fingers; tell thee tales of love,
How the pale Phoebe, hunting in a grove,
First saw the boy Endymion, from whose eyes
She took eternal fire that never dies;
How she convey’ d him softly in a sleep
His temples bound with poppy, to the steep
Head of old Latmos, where she stoops each night,
Gilding the mountain with her brother’ s light,
To kiss her sweetest.”
…
I have no objection to go to see ruins, aqueducts, pictures, in company with a friend or a party, but rather the contrary, for the former reason reserved. They are intelligible matters, and will bear talking about. The sentiment here is not tacit, but communicable and overt. Salisbury Plain is barren of criticism, but Stonehenge will bear a discussion antiquarian, picturesque, and philosophical. In setting out on a party of pleasure, the first consideration always is where we shall go to, in taking a solitary ramble, the question is what we shall meet with by the way. “The mind is its own place”; nor are we anxious to arrive at the end of our journey. I can myself do the honours indifferently well to works of art and curiosity. I once took a party to Oxford with no mean éclat—showed them that seat of the Muses at a distance, “With glistering spires and pinnacles adorn’ d—” descanted on the learned air that breathes from the grassy quadrangles and stone walls of halls and colleges—was at home in the Bodleian; And at Blenheim quite superseded the powdered Cicerone that attended us, and that pointed in vain with his wand to commonplace beauties in matchless pictures. As another exception to the above reasoning, I should not feel confident in venturing on a journey in a foreign country without a companion. I should want at intervals to hear the sound of my own language. There is an involuntary antipathy in the mind of an Englishman to foreign manners and notions that requires the assistance of social sympathy to carry it off. As the distance from home increases, this relief, which was at first a luxury, becomes a passion and an appetite. A person would almost feel stifled to find himself in the deserts of Arabia without friends and countrymen there must be allowed to be something in the view of Athens or old Rome that claims the utterance of speech; and I own that the Pyramids are too mighty for any single contemplation. In such situations, so opposite to all one’ s ordinary train of ideas, one seems a species by one’ s self, a limb torn off from society, unless one can meet with instant fellowship and support.—Yet I did not feel this want or craving very pressing once, when I first set my foot on the laughing shores of France. Calais was peopled with novelty and delight. The confuse, busy murmur of the place was like oil and wine poured into my ears; nor did the mariners’ hymn, which was sung from the top of an old crazy vessel in the harbour, as the sun went down, send an alien sound into my soul. I only breathed the air of general humanity. I walked over “the vine-covered hills and gay regions of France,” erect and satisfied; for the image of man was not cast down and chained to the foot of arbitrary thrones: I was at no loss for language, for that of all the great schools of painting was open to me. The whole is vanished like a shade. Pictures, heroes, glory, freedoms, all are fled, nothing remains but the Bourbons and the French people! —There is undoubtedly a sensation in travelling into foreign parts that is to be had nowhere else, but it is more pleasing at the time than lasting. It is too remote from our habitual associations to be a common topic of discourse or reference, and, like a dream or another state of existence, does not piece into our daily modes of life. It is an animated but a momentary hallucination. It demands an effort to exchange our actual for our ideal identity; and to feel the pulse of our old transports revive very keenly, we must “jump” all our present comforts and connexions. Our romantic and itinerant character is not to be domesticated. Dr. Johnson remarked how little foreign travel added to the facilities of conversation in those who had been abroad. In fact, the time we have spent there is both delightful, and in one sense instructive; but it appears to be cut out of our substantial downright existence, and never to join kindly on to it. We are not the same, but another, and perhaps more enviable individual, all the time we are out of our own country. We are lost to ourselves, as well as our friend. So the poet somewhat quaintly sings, “Out of my country and myself I go.” Those who wish to forget painful thoughts, do well to absent themselves for a while from the ties and objects that recall them; but we can be said only to fulfill our destiny in the place that gave us birth. I should on this account like well enough to spend the whole of my life in traveling abroad, if I could anywhere borrow another life to spend afterwards at home!
这世上最快乐的事情之一就是旅行,不过我喜欢独自出门。在房间里,我享受的是社会生活,但是在室外,大自然就是我最好的伙伴。虽然我是一个人,但我从不感到孤独。
“田野是书房,自然是书籍。”
我不认为边走边谈有多明智。置身于乡村田野,我希望自己像草木一样复得自然。我不是来挑剔灌木丛和黑牛的,我走出城市是为了忘却城市和城市中的一切。有的人或许也是因为这个目的来到海滨,却又随身带去了城市的喧闹。我向往世界有着博大的空间而没有世俗的牵绊。我喜欢独处,身在其中独享其乐,而不会去要求“于僻远处觅友,共话独居之乐”。
旅行的意义在于享受自由,无拘无束的自由。一个人让思想驰骋飞翔,尽情地做让自己愉快的事情。出行的目的就是摆脱困扰和担忧,放松自我,不再因为他人而顾虑重重。我需要放松一下自己,静静地思考一些事情。让思绪“插上健壮的翅膀自由放飞,在嘈杂的人群中,它们曾经受到伤害,变得凌乱”。于是我暂时把我自己从城市中解脱出来,即使独自一人也不觉得失落。比起与那些朋友寒暄,为某些陈旧的话题喋喋不休地谈论,我想这样一个人坐在驿车或轻便的马车里,头顶湛蓝的天空,脚踏翠绿的田野,悠然地行驶在蜿蜒的小路上,真的很愉快。饭前我有3个小时的时间可以散步,顺便思考一些问题!独自享受这些美好的东西,我的心中强烈地涌动着一股喜悦。我情不自禁地大笑,愉快地奔跑,纵情高歌。
天边云层翻滚,我陷入对往事的回忆之中,我是多么欣喜呀,就像久经烈日烤晒的印第安人一头扎进浪涛里,让大浪带他回到故乡的海岸。多少尘封往事,犹如“沉没的船只和无数的宝藏”涌现在我热切的眼中。我重温那时的所感所想,似乎回到儿时。我所说的沉默不是死气沉沉,不需要时不时刻意地加点喧闹的气氛,而是一种能抵御外界干扰的内心的安宁。这沉默本身就是最有力的雄辩。没有人比我更喜欢使用双关语、头韵、对仗、辩论和分析,但有时我宁愿撇开它们。“啊,别打扰我,让我独自享受宁静吧!”此时我还有其他事情要做,也许这些事情对你来说无关紧要,但却是我“所期待已久的”。
一朵野玫瑰难道只有得到人们的称赞才能证明它有芳香吗?这朵翠绿的雏菊不已经植入我的心底了吗?我对你们解释这些在我看来值得珍惜的事物时,你们可能会笑话我,因此我把这一切掩埋在我心里,供我平日里冥想,让思绪从这里飞到远处的悬崖峭壁,再从那里飞向更遥远的地平线的另一端,不是更美妙吗?也许我不是某种意义上的好旅伴,因此我还是愿意独自旅行。我听说当你闷闷不乐时,也会独自出门或策马前行,沉浸在想象之中。但是你却认为这样做是违背礼节的,很没有礼貌,因此你总在想要不要回到朋友当中,而我却要说:“不要再伪装这种虚假的友谊了。”我喜欢要么完全是自己支配自己,要么完全由别人来支配自己;要么高谈阔论,要么沉默不语;要么散步或静坐,要么活跃或独处。我很同意考柏特先生的见解,他认为“法国人的一个坏习惯是一边吃饭一边喝酒,而英国人则应该在一个时间里专注于做一件事情。”因此我不能边谈话边思考,或因为太放纵自己的情绪导致时而忧心忡忡,时而情绪激昂、滔滔不绝。
“让我有个同行的伴,”斯特恩说,“哪怕只是聊聊太阳下山时影子怎么拉长也行。”这是一种很完美的说法,但我的观点是,反复地交换意见会破坏我们对事物最初最本质的印象,从而让思维变得很杂乱,假如你用一种哑语的方式表达自己的感受,那就真的是索然无味;假如你不得不解释一番,那么本要来享受的事物就变成了苦差。在阅读“自然”这本书时,为了使别人能弄明白,你不得不经常翻译它,给自己带来很多麻烦。所以,对于旅行,我倾向于用综合法而不是分析法,我喜欢储存一大堆想法,然后慢慢地解析研究。我希望能看着那些不清晰的想法像花絮一样飞舞在空中,而不是在一群矛盾的荆棘丛中纠缠不清。
这一次,我要按照自己的方式做事情。这种情况只有独自一人时才能实现,或者是和我并不奢求在一起的一些人合作。我并不反对与朋友算好20英里路程,然后边走边聊,但这么做绝不是兴趣所在。你对同伴说路旁的豆田散发着扑鼻的香气,可是他的嗅觉不太灵敏;当你评论远处的美景时,你的朋友或许是个近视眼,他得先戴上眼镜;当你感觉空气中蕴涵着某种情调,云朵的颜色很别致,所有这些让你陶醉,而这种感觉却无法对他言传。因此你们无法产生共鸣,而最后以至于你兴致大跌,只剩下一种幻想达成共鸣的渴望和不满的情绪。我现在已经不再和自己争吵,并且把我所有的结论都看做是理所当然,除非有人提出反对意见,这时我才认为有必要为我的观点辩护。
这不仅仅是因为你们对眼前的事物或环境持有不同的意见,而且是因为它们会引起你对很多往事的回忆,引起一些只能意会无法言传的奇思妙想。然而我却很珍爱它们,当我远离人群时,我甚至会深情地拥抱它们。让我们的感情在老朋友面前放纵显得有些牵强,同时,随时随地向人们披露这一人类的奇异,并引发他人的兴趣(否则就没有达到目的),这项艰巨的工作很难有人能承担。我们应该“领悟它,但是别说出来”。但是,我的老朋友柯勒律治能同时做到这两点。夏天在山林里漫步,他可以一边兴奋地口若悬河、滔滔不绝,一边又能把这种美景写进一篇有教育意义的诗歌中,或者写成一篇朴实无华的颂歌。“他说出来比唱出来都好听。”假如我也能够流利而又有文采地表达自己的想法,只怕我也希望身边也有一个同伴来和我一起颂扬那刚刚展开的话题。又或者说,只要我能听到他那依旧回荡在山林中的声音我就会更加心满意足。这些诗人身上都含有“我们早期的诗人才有的纯朴的狂妄”,如果把他们的诗歌用一种稀有的乐器演奏出来,他们就会吟唱如下的旋律:
“愿此处的树林
与别处一般翠绿,空气也是这样甜美,
像是有微风轻抚,微波荡漾;
河面流水匆匆,花开遍野,
犹如初春时那样茂盛艳丽;
这里生机勃勃,流淌着清澈的小溪与山泉,
忍冬花爬满了凉亭,岩洞和山涧;
你可以随处停歇,我就在你身边歌唱,
或者我来采摘灯芯草为你编一枚戒指,
戴在你修长的手指上,为你讲述爱情的传说。
容光淡然的月亮女神在林中狩猎,
一眼瞥见少年恩底弥翁,他的双眼
从此点燃了她心中生生不息的爱火。
在他熟睡之际,她把罂粟花贴在他的双鬓上,
把它带到古老的阿特莫斯山陡峭的巅峰,
每当夜色降临,她便用太阳的光芒,
装点山脉,然后俯下身来,
亲吻她的心上人。”
……
我并不反对在参观古迹、地下渠道和欣赏名画时,身边有一个朋友或游伴同行。刚好与前面所说的理由相反,这些事情都与知识和智力有关,有值得深入探讨的价值。这个时候,情感的表达不应该模糊不清,而应该坦荡利落,能够交流。索尔兹伯里平原没有什么值得谈论的,但是人们可以怀念草原上的巨石圈,可以从艺术和哲学的角度研究它。和一群人出去游玩时,首先需要考虑的事情是该到什么地方,而独自一个人出游,想到的问题则是路上会遇见什么人。“人的心灵便是旅程的终点站。”我们不必急于到达目的地,我们可以恰如其分地像当地的主人那样介绍艺术品。我曾经带朋友参观牛津,而且比较成功——远远地,我就把那座艺术的殿堂指给他们看,只见“闪闪发光的顶峰和豪华的塔尖”。我赞颂着,院里绿草茵茵,大厅被石墙包围,一股浓郁的博学气息从学院与大厅之间散发出来。
——在鲍得里安楼里畅所欲言;在布伦海姆,我的讲解令我们那位头戴用白粉装饰成假发的导游相形见绌,他用小棍在那些美妙绝伦的图画中只点出来一些平凡无奇的地方。对于上面提到的各种理由有一个例外,那就是在国外旅游时,如果没有人陪同,我会觉得有点不踏实。我需要时不时地听点家乡话,英国人有一种思想,就是不由自主地排斥其他国家的风俗和思想,因此要有人与之共鸣才能克服这种不好的习惯。离家越远,这种慰藉就会由原来的奢求慢慢地变成一种渴求与欲望。独行在阿拉伯沙漠,远离亲人和朋友,人们会感到沉闷窒息,看见雅典和古罗马时,不得不承认心中有很多感慨想倾诉,我也不得不承认金字塔真的是宏伟壮观,一个简洁的概念实在不足以描绘。
在这种情况下,一切都好像与人平时的观念背道而驰,自己一个人就似乎是一个种族,就像是从社会的躯体上卸下的一只臂膀,除非这时能获得友情和支持——然而有一次我并没有这种迫切的需求与渴望,那是我第一次来到法国,踏上那到处洋溢着欢笑的海滨。加来这个城市充满了新奇和快乐,连那里乱七八糟混杂在一起的声音都很好听。在夕阳的余晖中,港口停靠着一只破旧的船,听着水手们轻轻地歌唱,我丝毫没有觉得是在异国他乡,我只嗅到了人类共有的气息。我漫步在“法兰西满是葡萄藤的山区和飘荡着笑声的平原”,顿时精神大振,心情爽朗,我没有目睹人民被锁在专制的王家宝座下、遭受压迫的情形,语言的不同也没有令我手足无措,因为我能领悟所有大画派的语言。但是所有这些都像幻影一样化为乌有了,绘画、英雄、荣耀与自由,所有这些都消失了,只剩下波旁王朝统治下的法兰西人民!——在国外旅行,能感受到在别的地方没有的兴奋,这一点是确定无疑的,虽然这种感觉不能持久,但在当时却让人心情愉快。
这种情感与我们普通的日常生活截然不同,因此不能作为交谈或讨论的话题,而且就像梦境和其他某种生存状态一样,它也无法融入我们的日常生活。这是一种生动却转眼即逝的幻觉,我们只有通过努力,才能把正处于现实中的自己变成我们理想中的那样,为了再现那些曾经激动人心的时刻,我们就必须“跳出”现在安逸的生活和千丝万缕的各种关系。人类浪迹天涯的浪漫个性是不能被驯化的。约翰逊博士在谈到曾到国外旅行的人的时候说过,出国旅行并没有提高他们的社交能力。事实上,我们在国外确实度过了一些很美好的时光,从某种意义上讲也很能教育人,可是与我们本质的生活状态却背道而驰,这两者永远无法结合。当我出国旅行时,我们就不再是我们自己,而是也许会变成另外一个更让人羡慕的人。我们离开了朋友,离开了自我。于是诗人才吟唱出如此优雅的诗句:“离开祖国,离开自我。”如果想遗忘那些让人痛苦的思索,最好的办法是暂时离开那能触景伤情的事物以及与之相关的联系,然而只有生养我们的故乡才是我们安身立命的地方。因此,如果我可以再活一次,我就要用今生的时间巡游世界,而在来生,我将永远守候在我的故乡!
心灵小语
熟悉的街道、熟悉的伴侣、熟悉的气味……这些令人觉得亲切,同时也带来乏味。跳出现有安逸的生活,放逐自己藏匿已久的个性,是一种离开,也是一种回归。
记忆填空
1. The__ of a journey is liberty, perfect liberty, to think, feel, do, just as one__ . We go a journey chiefly to be free of all impediments and of all inconveniences; to__ ourselves behind, much more to get rid of others.
2. I have heard it__ that you may, when the moody fit comes on, walk or ride on by__ , and indulge your receives.
3. We are not the__ , but another, and perhaps more enviable individual, all the time we are__ of our own country.
佳句翻译
1. 虽然我是一个人,但我从不感到孤独。
译__________________
2. 一朵野玫瑰难道只有得到人们的称赞才能证明它有芳香吗?
译__________________
3. 我们应该“领悟它,但是别说出来”。
译__________________
短语应用
1. I like solitude, when I give myself up to it, for the sake of solitude.
for the sake of:为了
造__________________
2. From the point of yonder rolling cloud I plunge into my past being, and revel there...
plunge into:陷入;跳入
造__________________
一棵树的启示
The Lesson of a Tree
沃尔特·惠特曼 / Walter Whitman
沃尔特·惠特曼(1819—1892),美国19世纪最杰出的诗人,美国浪漫主义文学的大师。惠特曼一生各个时期的诗作都收录在《草叶集》中。他以豪迈、铿锵有力的诗句讴歌了美国自由资本主义时期蓬勃发展的社会,歌唱民主与自由,歌颂“自我”,歌颂大自然,歌颂劳动,并以火一样的语言抨击资本主义的罪恶与弊端,支持废奴运动。
《草叶集》被认为是美国文学史上具有划时代意义的诗作,这不仅在于其内容的人民性和民主与自由思想,而且也在于其形式上的革命,他开创了自由体诗歌的新时代。惠特曼是一个时代的结束,也是美国文学一个新的时代的开始。
I should not take either the biggest or the most picturesque tree to illustrate it. Here is one of my favorites now before me, a fine yellow poplar, quite straight, perhaps 90 feet high, and four feet thick at the butt. How strong, vital enduring! How dumbly eloquent! What suggestions of imperturbability and being, as against the human trait of mere seeming. Then the qualities, almost emotional, palpably artistic, heroic, of a tree; so innocent and harmless, yet so savage. It is, yet says nothing. How it rebukes by its tough and equable serenity as weathers, this gusty-temper’ s little whiffet, man that runs indoors at a mite of rain or snow. Science (or rather half-way science) scoffs at reminiscence of dryad and hamadryad, and of trees speaking. But, if they don’ t, they do as well as most speaking, writing, poetry, sermons or rather they do a great deal better. I should say indeed that those old dryad — reminiscences are quit as true as any, and profounder than most reminiscences we get. (“Cut this out,” as the quack mediciners say, and keep by you.) Go and sit in a grove or woods, with one or more of those voiceless companions, and read the fore going, and think.
One lesson from affiliating a tree — perhaps the greatest moral lesson anyhow from earth, rock, animals, is that same lesson of inherency, of what is, without the least regard to what the looker or (the critic) supposes or says, or whether he likes or dislikes. What worse — what more general malady pervades each and all of us, our literature, education, attitude toward each other, (even toward ourselves,) than a morbid trouble about seems, and no trouble at all, or hardly any, about the sane, slow-growing perennial, real parts of character, books, friendship, marriage — humanity’ s invisible foundations and hold together.
我不会选那棵最大或最独特的树来描绘。在我面前,有我最喜欢的一棵树,那是一棵美丽的黄杨树,它很直,可能有九十英尺高,最粗的地方直径达4英尺。它是如此强壮!如此富有生命力!如此挺立在风雨中!又是如此无言而善喻!它所启示的泰然自若和生存的本质,与人生浮华的表象形成了如此鲜明的对比。可以说,一棵树也是有情感的,富有生动的艺术性质,也是英勇无畏的。它是如此天真,不会伤害任何东西,它又是那么原始粗野;它无言地存在着,用自己的坚强、平和,宁静有力地斥责了风雨雷电以及人类——这个一碰到风吹草动就躲进房子里的没用的小东西。科学(或者更准确地说,是不彻底的科学)对有关树精、树仙和会说话的树等想象嗤之以鼻。然而,即使树木不会说话,它们也与大多数语言、文字、诗歌与训诫一样善喻,甚至比它们有过之而无不及。我敢断定,那些古老的有关树精的联想是非常真实的,甚至比我们大多数联想都更为深刻。(“把它砍下来”,骗人的游医这么说,然后留在你身边)请到树丛中或林地间坐下来,与无言的树木做伴,然后再把前面的那些话读一读、想一想。
人们从一棵树那里得到的启示——或者说大地、岩石以及动物赋予人们的最大道德教义,就是它们对于生存的内在本质的提示与观望者(或批评者)的推测和述说完全无关,与他的喜好与憎恶完全无关。一种疾患在我们每个人和我们大家的心间充斥着,渗透于我们的文学、教育以及彼此对待(甚至自我对待)的态度中,这便是对表面现象的喋喋不休,而对于人物、书籍、友谊、婚姻之合理的、逐渐增强的、经常存在的真实,亦即人类无形的本质和基础,不予过问或几乎不加过问。还有什么疾患比这更糟糕、更普遍吗?
心灵小语
它是一棵树,不是让人们以此为荣的千年古柏,也不是让生物学家激动不已的珍稀树种。它只是一棵树,粗不过碗口,但它还是很庆幸老天还算仁慈,给了它结实的体格让它独自伫立在这片田地中,没有在任何一场风暴中夭折。
记忆填空
1. Here is one of my__ now before me, a fine yellow poplar, quite straight, perhaps 90 feet__ , and four feet thick at the butt.
2. But, if they don’t, they do as well as most__ , writing, poetry, sermons or rather they do a great__ better.
3. Go and sit in a grove or__ , with one or more of those voiceless companions, and__ the fore going, and__ .
佳句翻译
1. 我不会选那棵最大或最独特的树来描绘。
译__________________
2. 可以说,一棵树也是有情感的,富有生动的艺术性质,也是英勇无畏的。
译__________________
3. 然而,即使树木不会说话,它们也与大多数语言、文字、诗歌与训诫
一样善喻,甚至比它们有过之而无不及。
译__________________
短语应用
1. I should not take either the biggest or the most picturesque tree to illustrate it.
either...or:或者……或者
造__________________
2. But, if they don’t, they do as well as most speaking, writing, poetry,
sermons or rather they do a great deal better.
as well as:(除……之外)也,既……又
造__________________
与书为友
Companionship of Books
塞缪尔?斯迈尔斯 / Samuel Smiles
塞缪尔?斯迈尔斯(1812—1904),苏格兰作家,在1832年取得医师资格,不久便放弃行医,改行新闻工作,1838—1842年任《里兹时报》编辑,1842-1866年从事铁路行政工作。其作品中最杰出的是《自己拯救自己》《品格的力量》《金钱与人生》以及《人生的职责》,作品中蕴含维多利亚时代的价值观,与其工作信条相互结合。
A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.
A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.
Men often discover their affinity to each other by the love they have each for a book—just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both have for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he lives in them.
“Books,” said Hazlitt, “wind into the heart; the poet’ s verse slides in the current of our blood. We read them when young, we remember them when old. We feel that it has happened to ourselves. They are to be had very cheap and good. We breathe but the air of books.”
A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a man’ s life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters.“They are never alone, ” said Sir Philip Sidney, “that are accompanied by noble thoughts.”
The good and true thought may in times of temptation be as an angel of mercy purifying and guarding the soul. It also enshrines the germs of action, for good words almost always inspire to good works.
Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’ s minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.
Books introduce us into the best society they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe.
The great and good do not die even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens. Hence we ever remain under the influence of the great men of old. The imperial intellects of the world are as much alive now as they were ages ago.
读其书,如同读其人;同样,观其朋友,也如同观其人。书如同人,皆可成为伴侣。无论是以书为伴或以人为友,我们都应慎重选择,与佳者为伴。
好书犹如知己。不管过去、现在,还是将来,它都始终如一。它是最有耐心、最令人愉悦的伴侣。困难之际,它也不离不弃。它总是以善意接纳我们,在我们年轻时,好书能陶冶性情,增长知识;我们年老时,它又会给我们以慰藉。
好书可以使人们结为朋友,就像两个人会因为敬慕同一个人而成为朋友一样。古谚说“爱屋及乌”,但是,“爱我及书”这句话有更深的哲理。书是更为牢固和真实的情感纽带。假如拥有共同喜爱的作家,人们可以借此沟通思想感情。他们可以由此和作者产生共鸣。
黑兹利特曾经说过,“书潜移默化人们的内心,诗歌熏陶人们的气质品性。少小所习,老大不忘,恍如身历其事。书籍价廉物美,不啻我们呼吸的空气。”
好书犹如珍藏人一生思想精华的容器。人生的境界,主要就在于他思想的境界。所以,好书蕴藏着优美的语言、深邃的思想,倘若能铭记于心,就将成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士说得好:“与高尚思想为伴的人永不孤独。”
当我们面临诱惑的时候,美好而纯真的思想就像仁慈的天使,保卫我们的灵魂,使她依旧纯洁。美好纯真的思想还珍藏着行动的胚芽,因为,金玉良言总能激发善行。
书是永恒不朽的,它是迄今为止人类不懈奋斗的珍宝。寺庙会坍塌,神像会朽烂,而书经久长存。在伟大的思想面前,时间显得微不足道。多少年前曾经感动作者的思想,今天依然清新如故。书记载了他们的言论和思想,现在看来依旧生动。时间唯一的作用是淘汰垃圾作品,只有真正的作品才能经受时间的检验而经久长存。
书引导我们迈入最优秀的领域,与历代伟人为伍,使我们如闻其声,如观其行,如见其人,如与他们朝夕相处,同欢喜、共伤悲。我们继承他们的感受,好似觉得在他们所描绘的舞台上跟他们同台献艺。
伟大杰出的人物在这世间不会消逝,书记载着他们的思想,然后传播开来。书是人们至今仍在聆听的思想回声,永远充满活力。因此,我们永远都在受着历代伟人的影响。多少年前的盖世英才,如同在他所生活的时代,今天依然显示着强大的生命力。
心灵小语
好书蕴藏着优美的语言、深邃的思想,是我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。
记忆填空
1. A good book may be among the best of__ . It is the same today that it always was, and it will__ change. It is the most patient and cheerful of__ .
2. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite__ . They live in him__ , and he lives in them.
3. The only__ of time has been to sift out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long__ but what is really good.
佳句翻译
1. 读其书,如同读其人;同样,观其朋友,也如同观其人。书如同人,
皆可成为伴侣。
译__________________
2. 古谚说“爱屋及乌”,但是,“爱我及书”这句话有更深的哲理。
译__________________
3. 时间唯一的作用是淘汰垃圾作品,只有真正的作品才能经受时间的
检验而经久长存。
译__________________
短语应用
1. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort.
by far:到目前为止
造__________________
2. Books introduce us into the best society they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived.
introduce...into:引进,插入
造__________________
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