——约翰·F·肯尼迪
一般参考书
（以下著作对撰写本书数章内容和在首尾两章阐明本书主题均有助益。）
Agar, Herbert. The Price of Union. Boston, 1950.
Coit, Margaret L. John C. Calhoun. Boston, 1950.
Douglas, William O. An Almanac of Liberty. New York, 1954.
Gallup, George. Public Opinion in a Democracy. Princeton University, 1939.
Gillett, Frederick H. George Frisbie Hoar. Boston, 1934.
Haynes, George H. The Senate of the United States, Vols. 1＆ 2. Boston, 1938.
Holcombe, Arthur Norman. Our More Perfect Union； from Eighteenth-Century Principles to Twentieth-Century Practice. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1950.
House Doc. 607: Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949. Washington, D. C., 1950.
Kent, Frank R. Political Behavior. New York, 1928.
Lippmann, Walter. Essays in the Public Philosophy. Boston, 1955.
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence. Conflicts of Principle. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1932.
Luthin, Reinhard Henry. American Demagogues: Twentieth Century. Boston, 1954.
Malone, Dumas. Dictionary of American Biography. New York, 1943.
Moore, Joseph West. The American Congress. New York, 1895.
Morison, Samuel E., and Commager, Henry Steele. The Growth of the American Republic, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. London, 1942.
Morrow, Josiah. The Works of the Right Hon. Edmund Burke, Vol. 2. Boston, 1894.
Nevins, Allan. Ordeal of the Union, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. New York, 1947.
Nevins, Allan, ad Commager, Henry Steele. American, the Story of a Free People. Boston, 1942.
Peterson, Houston (Ed.). A Treasury of the World's Great Speeches. New York, 1954.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Age of Jackson, Boston, 1946.
Turner, Julius. Party and Constituency: Pressures on Congress. Baltimore, 1951.
关于参议员历史的补充参考文献和本书各章节开场白中涉及的资料来源
Benton, Thomas Hart. Thirty Years' View, 1820-1850. London and New York, 1863.
Binkley, Wilfred. President and Congress. New York, 1947.
Boni, Albert and Charles. The Journal of William Maclay. New York, published in 1890 and revised in 1927.
Brown, Everett Somerville. William Plumer's Memorandum of Proceedings in the United States Senate, 1803-1807. London. 1923.
Connor, R. D. W. History of North Carolina, Vol. 1. Chicago and New York, 1919.
Corwin, Edward. The President, Office and Powers, 2nd Edition. New York, 1941.
Cosgrove, Henry. “New England Town Mandates,” Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Vol. 21 (Transactions in 1919). Boston, 1920.
Danderfield, Royden J. In Defense of the Senate. University of Oklahoma Press, 1933.
Dodd, William E. “The Principle of Instructing United States Senators,” The South Atlantic Quarterly, Vol. 1. Durham, North Carolina, January, 1902.
Foster, Roger. Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States. Boston, 1895.
Galloway, George Barnes. Congress at the Crossroads. New York, 1946.
Harris, Joseph P. The Advice and Consent of the Senate. Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1953.
Haynes, George H. The Senate of the United States, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. Boston, 1938.
Matthews, Donald R. “United States Senators and the Class Structure,” The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. XVIII, No. 1. Princeton University, Spring 1954.
McClendon, R. Earl. “Violations of Secrecy In Re Senate Executive Sessions, 1789 -1929,” The American Historical Review, Vol. LI. New York, October,1945.
Miller, R., and Hoar, George F. “Has the Senate Degenerated？” Forum. 1897.
Moore, Joseph West. The American Congress. New York, 1895.
Nevins, Allan, and Commager, Henry Steele. America, the Story of a Free People, Boston, 1942.
Pound, Merritt B. Benjamin Hawkins - Indian Agent. Athens, Georgia, 1951.
Rogers, Lindsay. The American Senate. New York, 1926.
Smith, Goldwin. “Has the U.S. Senate Decayed?” Saturday Review. 1896.
Von Holst, R. “Shall the Senate Rule the Republic?” Forum. November, 1893.
Wilson, Woodrow. Congressional Government. Boston and New York, 1885.
Young, Roland. This Is Congress. New York, 1943.
二 约翰·昆西·亚当斯
Adams, Charles Francis. Memoirs of John Quincy Adams (His Diary from 1795 to 1848), Vol. 1. Philadelphia, 1874.
Adams, Henry. New England Federalism. Boston, 1905.
Adams, James Truslow. The Adams Family. Boston, 1930.
Adams, John Quincy. Correspondence with Citizens of Massachusetts. Boston, 1829.
Berd, Charles A. Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy. New York, 1949.
Bemis, Samuel Flagg. John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy. New York, 1949.
Buckley, William. The Hartford Convention (Pamphlet). New Haven, Connecticut, 1934.
Clark, Bennett Champ. John Quincy Adams. Boston, 1932.
Dwight, Theodore. The Hartford Convention. Boston and New York, 1833.
Ford, W. C. “The Recall of John Quincy Adams in 1808,” Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, Vol. XLV, p. 354.
Ford, Worthington Chauncey. Writings of John Quincy Adams, Vol. III. New York, 1914.
Hoar, George F., Representative. Speech of December 12, 1876, on dedication of statues of Samuel Adams and John Winthrop, Congressional Record.
Lipsky, George A. John Quincy Adams. New York, 1950.
Morison, Samuel Eliot. Life and Letters of Harrison Gray Otis, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. Cambridge, 1913.
Morse, Anson Ely. The Federalist Party in Massachusetts to the Year 1800. Trenton, New Jersey, 1909.
Morse, John T., Jr. John Quincy Adams, American Statesmen Series, Vol. 15. Boston and New York, 1883 and 1899.
Nevins, Allan (Ed.) The Diary of John Quincy Adams, 1794-1845. New York and London, 1929.
Prentiss, Hervey Putnam. Timothy Pickering as the Leader of New England Federalism, 1800-1815. Salem, Massachusetts, 1934.
Quincy, Josiah. Memoir of the Life of John Quincy Adams. Boston, 1858.
Seward, William H. Life of John Quincy Adams. Philadelphia, 1916.
Sullivan, William. Public Men of the Revolution. Philadelphia, 1847.
Wilson, Woodrow. “A Calendar of Great Americans,” Forum. February, 1894.
三 丹尼尔·韦伯斯特
Adams, Samuel Hopkins. The Godlike Daniel. New York, 1930.
Bemis, Samuel Flagg (Ed.). The American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy, Vol. 5.Duniway, Clyde Augustus. “Daniel Webster.” New York, 1928.
Benson, Allan L. Daniel Webster. New York, 1929.
Binkley, Wilfred E. American Political Parties: Their Natural-History. New York, 1949.
Current, Richard. Daniel Webster and the Rise of National Conservatism. Boston, 1955.
Curtis, George Ticknor. The Last Years of Daniel Webster. New York, 1878.
Curtis, George Ticknor. The Life of Daniel Webster, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. New York, 1870.
Dyer, Oliver. Great Senators of the United States 40 Years Ago. New York, 1889.
Fisher, Sydney George. The True Daniel Webster. Philadelphia and London, 1911.
Foster, Claude M. Daniel Webster, Vols. 1 ＆ 2 Boston, 1930.
Harvey, Peter. Reminiscences and Anecdotes of Daniel Webster. Boston, 1909.
Johnson, Gerald W. America's Silver Age. New York, 1939.
Lanman, Charles. The Private Life of Daniel Webster. New York, 1852.
Lodge, Henry Cabot. Daniel Webster, American Statesmen Series, Vol. 21. Boston and New York, 1899.
March, Charles W. Daniel Webster and His Contemporaries. New York, 1859.
McClure, Col. Alexander K. Recollections of Half a Century. Salem, Massachusetts, 1902.
McMaster, John Bach. Daniel Webster. New York, 1902.
Nevins, Allan. Ordeal of the Union, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. New York, 1947.
Sandburg, Carl. Abraham Lincoln, the Prairie Years and the War Years. New York, 1954.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Age of Jackson. Boston, 1946.
Smyth, Clifford. Daniel Webster: Spokesman for the Union. New York, 1931.
Van Tyne, C. H. The Letters of Daniel Webster. New York, 1902.
Webster, Daniel. The Private Correspondence of Daniel Webster. Boston, 1857.
Whittier, John G. Whittier's Political Works, “Ichabod,” Vol. IV. Boston, 1888.
Wish, Harvey. Society and Thought in Early American. New York, 1950.
四 托马斯·哈特·本顿
Benton, Thomas Hart. Thirty Years' View, 1820-1850. London and New York, 1863.
Dyer, Oliver. Great Senators of the United States 40 Years Ago. New York, 1889.
Frémont, John Charles. Memoirs of My Life, Vol. 1. Frémont, Jessie Benton. “Biographical Sketch of Senator Benton, in Connection with Western Expansion.” Chicago and New York, 1887.
McClure, Col. Alexander K. Recollections of Half a Century. Salem, Massachusetts, 1902.
McClure, Clarence Henry. Opposition in Missouri to Benton. Nashville, Tennessee, 1927.
McClure, Clarence Henry. “The Opposition Against Benton,” Missouri Historical Review, Vol. 10, p.151. State Historical Society of Missouri； Columbia, Missouri, October, 1907, and January, 1908.
Meigs, William Montgomery. The Life of Thomas Hart Benton. Philadelphia and London, 1904.
Rogers, Joseph M. Thomas H. Benton. Philadelphia, 1905.
Roosevelt, Theodore. Thomas H. Benton. Boston and New York, 1899.
Violette, Eugene Morrow. History of Missouri. Boston, 1820.
Wilson, Woodrow. “A Calendar of Great American,” Forum. February, 1894.
五 山姆·休斯敦
Baker, Eugene C. Mexico and Texas, 1821-1835. Texas, 1928.
Bruce, Henry. Life of General Houston. New York, 1891.
Creel, George. Sam Houston. New York, 1928.
Culberson, Charles. “General Sam Houston and Secession,” Scribner's Magazine, Vol. 39, 1906.
Day, Donald, and Ullom, Harry Herbert (Eds.). The Autobiography of Sam Houston. University of Oklahoma Press, 1954.
De Shields, James T. They Sat in High Place. San Antonio, 1940.
Dyer, Oliver. Great Senator of the United States 40 Years Ago. New York, 1889.
Evans, Gen. Clement A. Confederate Military History, Vol. XI. Atlanta, Georgia, 1899.
Farber, James. Texas, C.S.A. New York, 1947.
Friend, Llerena. Sam Houston, The Great Designer. University of Texas Press, 1954.
Hogan, William Ransom. The Texas Republic, a Social and Economic History. University of Oklahoma Press, 1946.
James, Marquis. The Raven, a Biography of Sam Houston. New York, 1929.
Lester, C. Edwards. Life and Achievements of Sam Houston. New York, 1883.
McClure, Col. Alexander K. Recollections of Half a Century. Salem, Massachusetts, 1902.
McGrath, Sister Paul of the Cross. Political Nativism in Texas, 1825 -1860. Catholic University of America, 1930.
Seymour, Flora Warren. Sam Houston, Patriot. New York, 1930.
Smith, Justin. The Annexation of Texas. New York, 1911.
Sprague, Maj. J. T. The Treachery in Texas (The Secession of Texas and the Arrest of the United States Officers and Soldiers Serving in Texas). New York, 1862.
Weinberg, Albert K. Manifest Destiny. A Study of Nationalist Expansionism in American History. John Hopkins Press, 1935.
Winkler, William(Ed.). Journal of the Secession Convention of Texas, 1861. Austin, 1912.
Wortham, Louis J. A History of Texas. Fort Worth, 1924.
六 埃德蒙·G·罗斯
Bowers, Claude Gernade. The Tragic Era: The Revolution After Lincoln. Cambridge, 1929.
Bumgardner, Edward. The Life of Edmund G. Ross. Missouri, 1949.
De Witt, David Miller. The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson, Seventeenth President of the United States. New York and London, 1903.
Dunning, Charlotte. Essays on the Civil War and Reconstruction. New York, 1931.
Fessenden, Francis. Life and Public Services of William Pitt Fessenden, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. Cambridge, 1907.
Holzman, Robert. Stormy Ben Butler. New York, 1954.
Lesis, H. H. Walker. “The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson,” American Bar Association Journal. January, 1954.
Oberholtzer, Ellis P. A History of the United States Since the Civil War, Vol. 2, 1868 -1872. New York, 1922.
Ross, Edmund G. “History of the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson,” Forum. July, 1895.
Ross, Edmund G. History of the Impeachment of Anadrew Johnson. Santa Fe. 1896.
Welles, Gideon, Diary of, Vol. 3, January l, 1867-June 6, 1869. Boston and New York, 1911.
White, Horace. The Life of Lyman Trumbull. Boston, 1913.
七 卢修斯·奎塔斯·辛辛纳塔斯·拉马尔
Adams, Henry. The Education of Henry Adams - Autobiography. Cambridge, 1918.
Agar, Herbert, The Price of Union. Boston, 1950.
Blaine, James G. Twenty Years of Congress, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. Norwich, Connecticut, 1884 and 1886.
Bowers, Claude Gernade. The Outlook, Vol. 125. New York, May-August, 1920 (July 2).
Bowers, Claude Gernade. The Tragic Era: The Revolution After Lincoln. Cambridge, 1929.
Cate, Wirt Armistead. Lamar and the Frontier Hypothesis. Reprinted from The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 1, No. 4. Baton Rouge, Louisiana, November, 1935.
Cate, Wirt Armistead. Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Secession and Reunion. Chapel Hill, 1935.
Congressional Record. February 15, 1878.
Hamilton, J. G. de Roulhac. “Lamar of Mississippi,” The Virginia Quarterly Review, Vol. 8, No. 1. University of Virginia, January, 1932.
Hill, Walter B. “L.Q.C. Lamar,” The Green Bag, Vol. V, No. 4. Boston, April, 1893.
Hoar, George Frisbie. Autobiography of 70 Years, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. New York, 1903.
House Report 265, 43rd Congress, 2nd Session. Vicksburg Troubles. Washington, D. C., February 27, 1875.
Johnston, Frank. “Suffrage and Reconstruction in Mississippi,” Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. VI. Oxford, Mississippi, 1902.
Mayes, Edward. Lucius Q. C. Lamar. Nashville, Tennessee, 1896.
U. S. Supreme Court. In Memoriam. Lucius Q. C. Lamar. Washington, D. C., 1893.
Woods, Thomas H. “A Sketch of the Mississippi Secession Convention of 1861-Its Membership and Works,” Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. VI. Oxford, Mississippi, 1902.
八 乔治·诺里斯
Baker, Ray Stannard. Woodrow Wilson, Life and Letters, 1915-1917. New York, 1937.
Bolles, Blair. Tyrant from Illinois:Uncle Joe Cannon's Experiment with Personal Power. NewYork, 1951.
Daniels, Josephus. The Wilson Era: Years of Peace-1910-1917. Chapel Hill, 1944.
Hechler, Kenneth W. Insurgency: Personalities and Politics of the Taft Era. New York, 1940.
Lief, Alfred. Democracy's Norris: the Biography of a Lonely Crusade. New York, 1939.
Link, Arthur. Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era: 1910-1917. New York, 1954.
Millis, Walter. Road to War: 1914-1917. New York, 1935.
Mowry, George E. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Movement. Madison, 1947.
Nebraska State Journal. March, 1917； October, 1928.
Neuberger, Richard L., and Kahn, Stephen B. Integrity: The Life of George W. Norris. New York, 1937.
New York Herald Tribune. October, 1928.
New York Times. October, 1928.
Norris, George W. Fighting Liberal: Autobiography. New York, 1945.
Norris, George W. Letters. Library of Congress Collections and files of C. A. Sorensen.
Omaha World Herald. March, 1917； October, 1928.
Paxson, Frederic L. Prewar Years, 1913 -1917. Boston, 1936.
Senate and House Journals for Nebraska, 1917, 35th Session.
Tansill, Charles C. America Goes to War. Boston, 1938.
九 罗伯特·A·塔夫脱
Cleveland Plain Dealer. October 7,8,10,1946.
Columbus Dispatch. October 8, 1946.
Harnsberger, Caroline T. A Man of Courage. Chicago, 1952.
New York Times. October 6,7,8,9,10,11,19,24,25,1946.
Taft, Robert A. A Foreign Policy for Americans. New York, 1951.
Toledo Blade. October 8,9,14,1946.
White, William S. The Taft Story. New York, 1954.
一〇 其他政治上当仁不让的人
Barnard, Harry. Eagle Forgotten (The Life of John Peter Altgeld). New York, 1938.
Bowers, Claude Gernade. Beveridge and the Progressive Era. Cambridge, 1932.
Brown, Everett Somerville, William Plumer's Memorandum of Proceedings in the Unites States Senate, 1803-1807. London, 1923.
Chitwood, Oliver Perry. John Tyler； Champion of the Old South. New York, 1939.
Coit, Margaret L. John C.Calhoun. Boston, 1950.
Cralle, Richard K. Reports and Public Letters of John C. Calhoun, Vol. 2. New York, 1855.
Fraser, Hugh Russell. Democracy in the Making. Indianapolis and New York, 1938.
Hapgood and Moskowitz. Up from the City Streets: Alfred E. Smith. New York, 1927.
Kent, Frank R. Political Behavior. New York, 1928.
Marshall, Humphrey. History of Kentucky, Vol. 2. Frankfort, Kentucky, 1824.
Morgan, Robert J,A Whig Embattled； the Presidency under John Tyler. Lincoln, 1954.
New York Times. January 26, 1929.
Pusey, Merlo J. Charles Evans Hughes, Vols. 1 ＆ 2. New York, 1951.
Quisenberry, A.C. The Life and Times of Hon. Humphrey Marshall. Winchester, Kentucky, 1892.
Simms, Henry H. The Rise of the Whigs in Virginia. Richmond, Virginia, 1929.
Stoddard, William O. John Adams, the Lives of the Presidents, Vol. 2. New York, 1886.
Stryker, Lloyd Paul. Andrew Johnson, A Study in Courage. New York, 1929.
Underwood, Oscar W. Drafting Sands of Party Politics. New York, 1928.
Washington Evening Star. January 25, 1929.
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