Duke University,2013
Deep human connection is very different.It‘s not a tool.It’s not a means to an end.It is the end—the purpose and the result of a meaningful life—and it will inspire the most amazing acts of love,generosity and humanity.
人类之间深层次的交流是很复杂的,这不是工具,这也不是达到目的的手段,这就是目的,是有意义的生活的目的和结果,而且这将激发最令人惊喜的爱、慷慨和人性。
Melinda Gates
背景故事
梅琳达·盖茨,是比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会联合创始人,在杜克大学2013届毕业典礼上发表了振聋发聩的演讲。身为杜克大学校友的梅琳达,重新回到了母校并做了一次精彩的毕业典礼演讲,鼓励2013届毕业生去认识“所有人的无限尊严”。她的演讲主要围绕人际关系的重要性展开,告诉毕业生们想要有所成就,必须先学会尊重他人。演讲的主题是联系。她认为互联网的发展能够为全世界人之间的联系提供一个非常好的平台,让人与生活在不同环境中的人沟通,理解大家本质上是一样的人,建立起直接沟通的桥梁。比起抽象的概念,这种具体联系,能让人更愿意去帮助那些同自己一样,但生活条件更糟糕的人。这样一来人类才有可能真正实现马丁·路德·金所说的所有人情同手足的世界。
名人简介
梅琳达·盖茨(Melinda French Gates,1964~),毕业于美国杜克大学计算机系,后获得MBA学位,然后如愿进入了自己曾经实习过的微软公司,很快崭露头角,取得了骄人的业绩,成为一名管理人员。在嫁给比尔·盖茨之前,梅琳达已经在微软做出了骄人的业绩。她担任一个部门的主管,手下有一百多名员工。在嫁给盖茨之后,梅琳达便做起了全职的太太。几年来,她为盖茨生下一双儿女,还管理着盖茨豪宅的日常工作。梅琳达把家里收拾得十分温馨,还建了一个家庭图书馆。梅琳达和盖茨一起建立了美国有史以来最大的基金会——盖茨基金会,并担任主席。
演讲赏析
Human Connection Is Everything
Melinda Gates,co-founder and co-chair of the Bill&
Melinda Gates Foundation
Duke University,2013
President Brodhead,Trustees,and members of the Duke University Community.It‘s so fantastic to be back here at my alma mater.I am really grateful for the honorary degree,and I’m especially grateful to be able to address the graduating class.
So let me start by saying to those of you graduating today in 2013-Congratulations……
……and let me remind you to thank your mothers.Today is Mothers‘Day……
……and to say,I’m still bitter about the Louisville game.
I was a student here in 1986when Coach K first took the team to the finals.We lost to Louisville then,too,so you and I,we share that particular agony.
However,you‘ve had the good fortune to be here on campus when Duke won its fourth national championship.
I never got to see us cut down the nets,but I did get to travel to Chapel Hill,UNC game,against Michael Jordan and we won that particular game.
But the fact that Michael Jordan recently turned 50years old reminds me how long it’s been since I was a student of this university.
No matter how much time,though,passes I still feel connected to Duke,particularly to the landmarks here,the Duke Gardens,I often went there to study and when I was stressed out for those finals.Yesterday,I went there in the afternoon after rain to get centered before this speech.But besides the landmarks,for me there‘s a deep feeling of connection to the people here,to the people and friends that I’ve made over those 4years on this campus.And I doubt there is one word that really pulls together that shared combination of all the things,that labels all of us,under that term“Duck”,but the best word that I can think of is“connected”.Connected,that‘s a word I’d like to discuss with you today on your Graduation Day.
I left my home in August,1982,from Dallas,Texas.I travel to Durham.My parents marked that rite of passage with a terrific present:it was a typewriter,a B12Olympus portable typewriter.The best thing about it was it weighed only 12pounds,carrying in case and all.It was during my time at Duke that really computers took over and replaced the typewriter as being the thing of choice to write your papers.And we computer science department students,we resented you humanities majors,because you were hogging our machines to write your papers and what that meant was that I spent a lot of hours in basement of some very creepy buildings on this campus,particularly the biological sciences building.We would be in the basement of that building,coding away,seeing who could go the fastest,writing the most efficient code.I think you call it today probably a hackathon.And whoever lost that contest would have to go down the hall and touch mutant frog being grown by the biology department.So the personal computer and later when I was working at Microsoft,the internet,it really started a communications revolution.
And I have three young children,and as I watch how they use computers and phones today.I think the biggest difference between me on campus and you a generation later is the way you communicate.Now one popular way of describing this aspect of your lives is to say that you‘re connected.
Some pundits have already started to refer to you all as Generation C.One recent report I think kind of overdid the c-thing,by saying that you are connected,communicating,content-centric,community-oriented,always clicking.It went on to say that for these reasons alone,you will transform the world as we know it.Now of course all this height about how connected you are,has contributed to a counter narrative,that in fact your generation is increasingly disconnected from the things that matter.The arguments go something like this.Instead of spending time with your friends,you spend time collecting friend requests.Instead of enjoying that meal,you take a picture of it and immediately send it to your friends on Facebook.
But I want to encourage you to reject these cynics who say that technology is flattening your experience of the world.Please don’t let anyone make you think that you are any less somehow shallow,because you like to update your status on a regular basis.The people who say that technology has disconnected you are wrong,but so are the people who say that technology has automatically connected you.
Technology is just a tool.It‘s a powerful tool.But it’s just a tool.Deep human connection is very different.It‘s not a tool.It’s not a means to the end.It is the end.It‘s the purpose of a meaningful life.And it will inspire the most amazing acts of love,generosity,and humanity.
In his famous speech“Remaining Awake Through a Great Revolution”,Martin Luther King Jr.said:“Through our scientific and technological genius,we have made of this world a neighborhood.And yet we have not had the ethical commitment to make it a brotherhood.”Now with 50years of hindsight,I think it’s fair to say that Dr.King was a little premature in calling the world‘s a neighborhood.Back then Americans lumped whole continents into something they called the Third World as if what defined people on the other side of the planet was that they were not like us,but as a result of this ongoing communications revolution,your worlds really can be neighborhood.So that ethical commitment that Dr.King spoke out,it’s yours to live up to.
Now what does it mean to make this world a brotherhood and a sisterhood?That probably sounds like a lot to ask you as individuals or even as a whole graduating class,and I‘m pretty sure later this afternoon,when somebody asked you that really annoying question.“what are you going to do after graduation?”I doubt any of you are going to say I had a ethical commitment to make this world a brotherhood.But you can change the way you think about other people,you can choose to see their humanity first.The one big thing that you can find that makes them the same as you,instead of all the little things that make them different than you.It’s not just a matter of caring about people,I assume you already do that,but it‘s much harder to see all people,including those people and especially those people whose lives are very different from yours,to really see them as 3-dimensional human beings,who need and want and desire the same things that you do.But if you can really believe that seven billion people on the planet are equal to you in spirit,then you’ll take action to make the world more equal for everyone.
Paul Farmer,the Duke graduate I admire most,I think most of you know him.He is a doctor and a global health innovator.He spends his time between Boston,Haiti,Rwanda.He‘s now trying to fix or completely change the Rwandan health system.I first met Paul in 2003,I went to travel to his clinic in Cange,Haiti,and what struck me about that visit was,first of all,it took us so long to get the 100yards from the vehicle to his clinic and the reason for that was that Paul introduced me to every single person along the way,every single person.And he introduced them by first and last name,he told me something about their family.He asked them about their lives.And when we arrived at the clinic,on the outside,there was this beautiful little trellis with morning glories growing on it.When I asked Paul about it,he said,“Oh,I built that myself,I built it because I wanted the people here to see the beauty in the world that I see,and I also wanted them to have a little bit of shade in the sun while they wait to go in the clinic.”
The very next day,I traveled to another clinic in Haiti.It was in Port-au-Prince.It was set up for the same reasons as Paul to give great healthcare to the people of Haiti.The doctors there went for all the right reasons,I noticed something very different in that clinic.The doctors thought of themselves as health care providers and they thought of the Haitains as recipients,and consequently,even though healthcare was good quality,healthcare was going on there,there was a lot of resentment in that clinic between both patients and doctors.
And experiencing those two clinics one day right after the other taught me something,taught me that Paul had made the moral choice to do the deep connection,to do that hard work understand that love is part of healing.All those little small acts that Paul did and his staff,those are born out of a big idea and that is the dignity of all people.Of course,not everybody here is going to be Paul Farmer.Not all of you are going to dedicate you whole life to eradicating poverty,but just because you don’t qualify for sainthood,it doesn‘t mean you can’t form deep human connections or that your connections can‘t make a difference in the world.
And to me,that’s where technology comes in.If you make the moral choice to connect deeply with others,then your computer,your phone,the internet,it makes it so much easier to do today.In Africa,there are 700million cell phone subscribers.When I go to Kenya,I was in Nairobi,I was in a large slum there-Kibera.Some people consider it the largest slum in Africa.I was there last year.You know what I saw was unbelievable ingenuity.I saw a kiosk that had hundreds of phones,where young entrepreneur served the business of recharging people‘cell phones.When they got their cell phones back,you know what they were doing?Texting.Evidently their favorite way of communicating,is your favorite way of communicating,too.And what that allows you to do,though,is to connect directly with literally millions of people.On the internet,you can read what each other’s reading,you can share the same music,you can watch the same TV shows,you can immerse yourselves in one another‘s lives,learn one another’s languages,learn one another’s recipes and even cook the same food and take a picture and sent it to your friend across the world if you want.
Now I‘m not saying that you’re going to wake up tomorrow and automatically start Skyping with somebody in Nairobi.And it‘s probably wise to ignore those emails you get from somebody in Nigeria,saying they can help you make a large fortune.But over the course of your lives,I promise you,you will have so many opportunities to use technology to make the world bigger,to meet different kinds of people and to keep in touch with more people that you meet.
Now these connections,they’re important in and of themselves,but I have to admit,I don‘t want you to connect for connection sake alone.I want you to connect because I believe it will inspire you to do something,to take action,to make a difference in the world.Humanity in the abstract will never inspire you the way meeting another human being will.Poverty is not going to motivate you to do something,but meeting people,that will motivate you to do something.
When my husband and I started our foundation,I really didn’t know much about global health.We got ourselves immersed in the data.We met a lot of academics.We were reading all these morbidity and mortality ratios,but 2001,I wanted to take my first foundation trip to really see the people behind the statistics.I went to India and Thailand,and so when I was in the foot of the Himalayas,I was in a village;I toured the village most of the day,spent a lot of time with the villagers and the people.
And the end of the day,a woman invited me into her home and I have to admit I didn‘t quite know what to expect.And as we walked into her small home,she pulled two lawn chairs off the nail from her kitchen wall.And they were those aluminum kind of folding lawn chairs.You know what,that itchy fabric seat you might’ve sat on a few for a few hours in Krzyzewsikiville.She whipped them out and put them on a back porch,and what she wanted to do was to gaze up at the Himalayas.And it reminded me of that my family used to use those same lawn chairs in Dallas.We‘d sit out in the back patio at night gazing at the stars.And this woman wanted to talk to me about what my family life was like,what inspired me.She wanted to tell me the dreams and the hopes she had for her children and her family.As I left her village and I was traveling home,I realized that the biggest difference between her and me was not what we dreamt about,but about how hard it was going to be for her to make her dreams come true.
Now some people assume that Bill and I are too rich to make a connection with somebody who’s poor,even if we have the right intent.But I want to tell you that words like rich and poor,they don‘t define who we are,they don’t define who we are as human beings.The universe is like computer code in that way.It‘s binary.There’s life,and then there’s everything else.There are zeros and ones.I’m a one,you’re a one.My friend in the Himalayas,she is a one.
Martin Luther King Jr.,he was not a computer programmer,so he called this concept a brotherhood.His hope was that college students would bring a brotherhood into being.Dr King thought at that time that the world has shrunk as much as it was going to shrink,and it‘s his words we dwarfed distance and placed time in chains.So the fact that people still don’t treat each other like brothers and sisters,to him,was an ethical failure.
I take a slightly different point of view.I believe we are finally creating the scientific and technological tools to turn the world into a neighborhood.And that gives you an amazing ethical opportunity you can light up network of 7billion people with long-lasting and highly motivating human connections.
You have spent the last few years at one of the most amazing universities on the planet.You‘ve gained the knowledge and the skills to go out and do in the world,whatever it is that you choose to do.So what will you do?I hope you’ll use the tools of technology to do what you already had it in your heart to do,to connect,to make of this world a brotherhood and a sisterhood.And I can‘t wait to see what you do.Congratulations!
译文参考
人际关系是一切
——梅琳达·盖茨在杜克大学的演讲
布罗德海德校长,董事会以及杜克大学的各位师生,能够回到母校真是太美妙了,能获得学位,能站在这里为毕业生致辞,让我感到分外欣喜。
首先我要对2013届毕业生们说的是——恭喜你们……
请记得感谢你们的母亲,今天是母亲节。
我还想说的是,我仍然对路易斯维尔的比赛耿耿于怀。
当1986年K教练带着球队打入决赛时,我还在校就读。但是当时我们输给了路易斯维尔,所以我和你们都有相同的痛苦回忆。
然而,你们在校期间能看到杜克赢得第四次全国冠军是非常幸运的。
我从来没有看到过夺冠,但是我却到过教堂山观看过迈克尔·乔丹母校——北卡大学的比赛,并且赢得了比赛。
但是乔丹现在已年近5旬,这让我意识到我也毕业很多年了。
不管多少年过去了,我仍然能够感受到与杜克之间的微妙的联系,特别是这里的地标,杜克公园,我经常在那里学习,也经常到那里缓解考试带来的压力。昨天午后下过雨后我又去了那里,为此次讲演做准备。不过除了地标之外,给我留下最深记忆的是这里的人,和那些和我一起生活学习四年的伙伴们的联络。如果要用一个词来形容与杜克大学所有有关系的人和事情,共同标上“杜克”的话,我认为这个词便是“联系”。联系,正是今天毕业日我要跟你们讨论的主题。
1982年的8月我离开了老家,德克萨斯的达拉斯,来到了达勒姆。我的双亲为我此次的人生重要之旅送上特别的礼物——一台打字机,奥林巴斯B12型便携打字机,它最大的优点就是只有12磅重,轻的可以放到箱子里。在就读于杜克大学期间,计算机已经真正取代了打字机的地位,成为写论文的首选工具。当时我们这些计算机系的学生最讨厌的就是你们这些文科生了。因为你们总是占着我们的电脑来写论文。这就害得我们不得不长时间待在某些阴森的地下室里,特别是在生物楼的地下室里。我们在那栋楼的地下室里比赛写代码,看谁的代码写的最快最高效。现在你们好像给它们起了个名字叫做编程马拉松。比赛输掉的人,就被罚到礼堂里摸生物系学生培育的变种青蛙。个人电脑,以及后来我到微软工作后才出现的互联网,才真正地开启了一场通讯革命。
我有三个孩子,我观察了他们如今使用电脑和电话的方式,跟我读书时有很大的差异。最大的差异在于通讯方式,用一句流行语来描述你们生活中的这一方面,那就是你们联系得很紧密。
一些专家们已经开始称你们为C一代,甚至最近的一篇报道把这个概念无限放大了,说你们的生活是以联络、通讯为中心的生活,以群体为导向,总是点鼠标的一代。文章还说道,仅仅根据这些理由,你们就将颠覆现有的世界。当然,你们这种特殊属性,也遭遇到了质疑的声音,认为你们这一代正在逐渐脱离与现实的联系。相关的论述大致如下,你们与朋友在一起的时间变少了,只是不断的积累网友;你们不再享受食物,而只是喜欢拍照后分享到脸书上。
不过我建议你不要听这种论调,不要听他们说什么,科技正在毁灭你们对真实世界的体验。有些人只是从你不断地更新状态就认为你变得很浅薄,不要听他们乱说。这种认为科技让你们变得陌生的论调是错误的,但是认为科技可以自动让人相互联系的论调也是错误的。
科技只是个工具。只是一个强有力的工具。但是仍然只是工具。人与人之间深入的联系是非常独特的。它不是工具,也不是实现目的手段。而是目的本身,它是有意义的生活目标。它能激发人类最美丽的行为——爱,慷慨,人性。
在著名的演讲《在大变革中保持清醒》中,马丁·路德·金说道:“通过科学和技术的天赋,我们让世界变成地球村。但是我们仍然缺少让世界充满手足之情的担当。”根据后见之明,我认为金博士在那时就想让世界变成地球村为时过早。在那个时间,美国把世界大部分地方的人都归为第三世界人。这使人们觉得似乎世界其他地区的人,是与我们完全不同的生物。但是随着这场通讯革命,世界真可以变成地球村,从而让金博士所说的伦理担当,能够在你们这一代实现。
让世界充满手足之情又是什么意思呢?这可能听起来对于你们个人,甚者全体毕业生都太苛刻了。但我敢肯定的是,晚些时候,一定有人会问这个问题,也就是,毕业后你将要做什么?估计很少有人会说我要担负起这项义务,让世界充满手足之情。但是,你可以改变你对别人的歧视,你可以选择首先看到他们的人性,你可以从你们相同处着眼,而不是纠结于你们的差异。这不仅仅是关心他们这么简单,这方面,我想你们已经做到了。更重要的是帮助所有人,包括这些所处世界完全不同的人,真正看到实实在在的人。认识到他们同你们一样具有需求、渴望。如果你们能够真正相信,地球上的70亿人在精神上都是平等的,那么你们就会采取行动让世界变得更加平等。
保罗·法莫,是我最敬佩的一位杜克大学毕业生,相信你们大多数人也听过他的名字。他是一名医生,一名全球健康革新者。他把大部分时间都花在波士顿、海地、卢旺达。他现在正在尝试着彻底改革卢旺达的医疗体系。我是在2003年第一次见到他,当时我拜访了他在海地小村康吉的一个小诊所。这次拜访让我感到惊奇的,首先是从下车到他的诊所这短短的100码的距离竟然走了那么久。原因在于保罗向我介绍路上碰到的每一个人。每一个人,告诉我他的全名,他的家庭情况,生活如何。等我们到了诊所,我看到外面搭满了爬有牵牛花的架子。我问起时,保罗说那是他自己搭的。“我想让这里的人和我一样,能看到世界的美丽。此外,还能为他们在排队就诊时提供阴凉的场所。”
第二天,我又拜访了另一家在海地的诊所。在太子港,开诊所的目的都和保罗一样,为当地人们提供医疗救护。那里的医生也都有良好的动机。但是我注意到这家诊所与那家不同,医生们只是把自己当做施救者,将海地人民当做被施救人。结果呢,虽然拥有高质量的医疗设施,但是诊所内还是满溢着不满之声。
这两天访问这两家诊所的经历,让我认识到保罗做的一种道德选择,希望与人们建立更深的关系,相互理解。爱其实也是治疗的一部分。保罗和其队友所做的一切看似微小,却孕育出一个伟大的理念:那就是所有的人都是有尊严的。当然,并非所有人都会成为保罗·法默;并非所有人都会一生致力于消除贫穷,但是即使你无法成为圣人,也并不意味着你不能与别人建立深厚的人际关系,比不意味着,你的这种联系不会改变世界。
在我看来,是科技出场的时候了,如果你在道德上作出选择,愿意与别人建立深厚的联系,那么电脑、手机、互联网就能让你的行动变得更加容易些。在非洲有7亿的手机用户。记得有一次我去肯尼亚的内罗毕,我去了当地的一个大贫民窟——基贝拉,有人认为这里是非洲最大的贫民窟。我是去年去那里的,所见的情景令人难以置信。一个小摊上竟摆有数以百计的手机,年轻的小摊贩提供手机充电,以此来盈利。人们冲完电之后,你猜他们拿它做什么?发短信。这是他们最喜欢的通讯方式。同样也是你们最喜欢的方式。不夸张地说,这为你们提供了与数百万人建立联系的可能性。在互联网上,你可以阅读别人的文章,听相同的音乐,看同样的电视节目。可以融入别人的生活中,学习对方的语言、食谱,甚至可以制作相同的食物,并发到网上,分享给世界另一端的伙伴。
我倒是不是说让你们明天早上,就开始与身处内罗毕的某人进行视频聊天。但是如果有天有个尼日利亚人给你发电邮,能让你发财,你最好也不要相信。不过在人生之旅中,我保证你们会有很多机会使用到科技,会让你的世界变得更广阔,可以接触到不同类型的人,同你遇到的人保持联系。这些联系本身具有价值。
这些联系本身具有价值,不过我不希望仅仅为了联系而联系。我希望你们之间的联系是为了能够激发你们去做一些事情,采取一些行动,去改变世界。仅凭抽象的思考,是无法激起人们的行动的,只有同他人相遇才可以。贫穷无法激励你做什么,但是与贫穷的人面对面,可以激励你行动。
刚与我丈夫建立基金会时,我甚至都不了解全球的医疗状况。我们只是通过阅读数据来了解。走访了很多专业学者,分析这些发病率,死亡率什么的。但是我在2001年,第一次走出去看了看,了解那些隐藏在数据背后的实体。我去了泰国、印度还来到了喜马拉雅山脚下。我去了一个村庄,并在里面花费一天的时间进行考察,与村民聊天。
有一天一位女性朋友邀请我到她家做客,我承认我不知道接下来会发生什么。我们进入她的小房间,她从厨房墙上拿下两把躺椅,就是那种铝制的折叠躺椅,你们应该知道的,就是上面铺满令人发痒的面料,你们排队买球票时可能看到的那种。她拿出两把躺椅放到后面的阳台上,她想坐在这里仰望喜马拉雅山。这让我想起了我和我的家人在达拉斯时,也是在后院躺在这种躺椅上,看着星星。这位妇女问我,我的家庭状况如何?是什么激励我前行?她对我讲起她的子女和家人的希望和梦想。离开那里之后,我在途中意识到我和她之间的差异并不在于梦想是什么,而是实现梦想的难度,她要比我大得多。
有人会说,我和比尔太富有了,无法与那些穷人建立联系,哪怕我们的想法是好的。但是我想告诉你们的是,穷富并不能定义我们是谁,不能定义我们作为人类的存在。宇宙在这方面就像计算机代码一样,是二进制的。一面是生活,另一面是其他事物。这里有0也有1,我就是1,你们是1,我的喜马拉雅的朋友也是1。马丁·路德·金不是计算机程序员,他的理想是全世界情同手足,他也希望大学生们能够实现全世界情同手足的理想。金博士早在当时,就认为世界已经收缩的很小了。他认为我们已经缩短了时间和空间的距离,所以人们无法如兄弟姐妹相亲相爱是伦理上的失败。
我的想法略有不同,我认为现在我们才最终创造出高科技,这将为世界转化为地球村提供奇妙的伦理机遇。你们可以筑建70亿人的联系网络,让人们能够保持持久积极的联系。
你们在过去的数年间,在这个星球上最著名的大学之一就读,不管你们如何决定你们未来之路,你们都学到了相应的知识和技能。你们准备怎么做呢?我希望你们能够运用高科技做你们心中已经决定的事情,去建立联系。去把世界改造成一个充满手足之情的理想之地。我已经等不及想看你们的作为了。恭喜你们!
·The people who say that technology has disconnected you are wrong,but so are the people who say that technology has automatically connected you.
这种认为科技让你们变得陌生的论调是错误的,但是认为科技可以自动让人相互联系的论调也是错误的。
·Technology is just a tool.It’s a powerful tool.
科技只是个工具。只是一个强有力的工具。
·Deep human connection is very different.It‘s not a tool.It’s not a means to the end.It is the end.It‘s the purpose of a meaningful life.
人与人之间深入的联系是非常独特的。它不是工具,也不是实现目的手段。而是目的本身,它是有意义的生活目标。
·It will inspire the most amazing acts of love,generosity,and humanity.它能激发人类最美丽的行为——爱,慷慨,人性。
·You can change the way you think about other people,you can choose to see their humanity first.The one big thing that you can find that makes them the same as you,instead of all the little things that make them different than you.
你可以改变你对别人的歧视,你可以选择首先看到他们的人性,你可以从你们相同处着眼,而不是纠结于你们的差异。
·Love is part of healing.
爱其实也是治疗的一部分。
·Not all of you are going to dedicate you whole life to eradicating poverty,but just because you don’t qualify for sainthood,it doesn‘t mean you can’t form deep human connections or that your connections can‘t make a difference in the world.
并非所有人都会一生致力于消除贫穷,但是即使是你无法成为圣人,也并不意味着你不能与别人建立深厚的人际关系,并不意味着,你的这种联系不会对世界造成改变。
·I want you to connect because I believe it will inspire you to do something,to take action,to make a difference in the world.Humanity in the abstract will never inspire you the way meeting another human being will.Poverty is not going to motivate you to do something,but meeting people,that will motivate you to do something.
我希望你们之间的联系是为了能够激发你们去做一些事情,采取一些行动,去改变世界。仅凭抽象的思考,是无法激起人们的行动的。只有同他人相遇才可以,贫穷无法激励你做什么。但是与贫穷的人面对面,可以激励你行动。
·But I want to tell you that words like rich and poor,they don’t define who we are,they don‘t define who we are as human beings.
穷富并不能定义我们是谁,不能定义我们作为人类的存在。
·I believe we are finally creating the scientific and technological tools to turn the world into a neighborhood.
我认为现在我们才最终创造出高科技,这将为世界转化为地球村,提供奇妙的伦理机遇。
文化采撷
美国规模最大的慈善基金会——比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会
1994年,比尔·盖茨在父亲威廉·盖茨的建议下,拿出9400万美元,创立了威廉·盖茨基金会;1997年,创立了盖茨图书馆基金会,后来更名为盖茨学习基金会。同年,梅林达·盖茨基金会成立。2000年,比尔·盖茨将威廉·盖茨基金会和盖茨图书馆基金会合并为梅林达·盖茨基金会。
比尔·盖茨宣布,将在今后几年给他的慈善基金会捐款33.5亿美元。这将是美国历史上最大的一笔捐款。此时,比尔与梅林达·盖茨基金会有资产270亿美元,加上这笔33亿美元捐款,基金会的总资产将超过300亿美元,成为美国规模最大的慈善基金会。
比尔与梅琳达·盖茨基金会虽是一家慈善机构,却也是一家很会赚钱的基金会。比尔·盖茨是一个崇尚分散风险、均衡投资的人,盖茨基金在美国主要是投资旧经济中的一些企业,同时以投资的“多样性”和“保守性”而闻名。比尔与梅琳达·盖茨基金会惯用的手法就是“趁低吸纳”,即购买一些价格已经跌到很低的企业股票,等待股价上升时抛出获利。其先后投资的公司包括纽波特纽斯造船公司、阿拉斯加气体集团公司、舒尼萨尔钢工业公司、渥特尔泰尔动力公司、埃科斯药物公司、西雅图基因公司等。在整个盖茨基金所投资的项目中,超过64.3亿美元的短期投资项目包括美国政府债券、高等级商业票据及短期贴现债券。比尔与梅琳达·盖茨基金会将210亿美元投资在债券、现钞及其他项目,例如国内国际共同基金投资、高收益企业证券和国际企业和政府证券等。比尔与梅琳达·盖茨基金会投资在股票的数额占52.4亿美元,包括美国和国际的股票,以及私人股票投资基金。
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